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Shloka 17

Ajñātavāsa-saṅkalpaḥ — Yudhiṣṭhira’s Resolve and Dhaumya’s Exempla on Concealment

ततः सत्यवत: कायात्‌ पाशबद्ध॑ वशं गतम्‌ । अड्गुष्ठमात्रं पुरुषं निश्चकर्ष यमो बलात्‌,तदनन्तर यमराजने सत्यवानके शरीरसे पाशमें बँधे हुए अंगुष्ठमात्र परिमाणवाले विवश हुए जीवको बलपूर्वक खींचकर निकाला

tataḥ satyavataḥ kāyāt pāśabaddhaṁ vaśaṁ gatam | aṅguṣṭhamātraṁ puruṣaṁ niścakarṣa yamo balāt ||

Rồi sau đó, Diêm Vương dùng sức kéo khỏi thân thể Satyavān “Người” nhỏ bằng ngón cái—nguyên lý sinh mệnh bị trói buộc, bất lực trong thòng lọng của Ngài. Cảnh tượng ấy phơi bày quyền lực lạnh lùng của Tử thần đối với đời sống hữu thân, đồng thời dọn đường cho đối trọng đạo lý: chính nghĩa kiên định và ý chí tận trung sẽ đứng lên thách thức điều tưởng như không thể tránh.

ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
सत्यवतःof Satyavat
सत्यवतः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootसत्यवत्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
कायात्from (his) body
कायात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootकाय
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
पाशबद्धम्bound by a noose
पाशबद्धम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपाशबद्ध
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
वशंinto subjection, control
वशं:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
गतम्gone, having come (into)
गतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootगत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अङ्गुष्ठमात्रम्thumb-sized
अङ्गुष्ठमात्रम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअङ्गुष्ठमात्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पुरुषम्person (soul-being)
पुरुषम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
निश्चकर्षdrew out, dragged out
निश्चकर्ष:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootकृष्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
यमःYama
यमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
बलात्by force
बलात्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबल
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular

मार्कण्डेय उवाच

M
Mārkaṇḍeya
S
Satyavān
Y
Yama (Yamarāja)
P
pāśa (Yama’s noose)
P
puruṣa (thumb-sized jīva)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the vulnerability of embodied life before Death’s authority, setting up the ethical contrast where steadfast dharma and devoted resolve (as in the Sāvitrī narrative) confront and morally negotiate what seems inevitable.

Yama binds Satyavān with his noose and forcibly draws out the thumb-sized ‘puruṣa’—the life-principle/jīva—from Satyavān’s body, marking the moment of death and the beginning of the ensuing moral encounter.