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Shloka 10

सूर्य–कर्णोपदेशः

Sūrya’s Counsel to Karṇa on Kīrti and the Kuṇḍala

गिरिकूटनिभाड़ानां सिंहानामिव गर्जताम्‌ | श्रूयते तुमुल: शब्दस्तत्र तत्र प्रधावताम्‌,उनके अंग पर्वतोंके शिखरके सदृश जान पड़ते थे। वे सबके सब सिंहोंके समान गरजते और इधर-उधर दौड़ते थे। उन सबका सम्मिलित शब्द बड़ा भयंकर प्रतीत होता था

girikūṭanibhāḍānāṃ siṃhānām iva garjatām | śrūyate tumulaḥ śabdas tatra tatra pradhāvatām ||

Mārkaṇḍeya nói: “Tứ chi của họ trông như những đỉnh núi; họ gầm vang như sư tử và lao chạy khắp nơi. Vì thế, ở chỗ này chỗ kia vang lên một âm thanh cuồn cuộn—một tiếng ồn khủng khiếp, áp đảo, sinh ra từ sự chuyển động hợp nhất của cả đoàn.”

गिरिकूटनिभाडानाम्of those having shoulders like mountain-peaks
गिरिकूटनिभाडानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootगिरिकूट-निभाड
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
सिंहानाम्of lions
सिंहानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसिंह
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
इवlike, as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
गर्जताम्of (those) roaring
गर्जताम्:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootगर्ज्
FormPresent active participle, Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
श्रूयतेis heard
श्रूयते:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
FormPresent, Passive, Third, Singular
तुमुलःtumultuous, terrible
तुमुलः:
TypeAdjective
Rootतुमुल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शब्दःsound, noise
शब्दः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशब्द
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
तत्रhere and there
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
प्रधावताम्of (those) running forth
प्रधावताम्:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-धाव्
FormPresent active participle, Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural

मार्कण्डेय उवाच

M
Mārkaṇḍeya
L
lions
M
mountain-peaks

Educational Q&A

The verse primarily functions as vivid narrative description rather than direct moral instruction; ethically, it underscores how collective aggression and uncontrolled force generate terror and disorder, serving as a cautionary backdrop to the epic’s broader reflections on restraint (dama) and the consequences of violent momentum.

Mārkaṇḍeya depicts a scene of powerful beings (or warriors) whose bodies appear mountain-like; they roar like lions and rush in different directions, producing a single, dreadful, tumultuous clamor that dominates the surroundings.