Shloka 4

Sāvitrī-Upākhyāna: Dyumatsena’s Restoration and the Return to Kāmyaka

Conclusion

Devanagari script

प्रभाते लक्ष्मणं वीरमभ्यभाषत दुर्मना: । सीतां संस्मृत्य धर्मात्मा रुद्धां राक्षसवेश्मनि,धर्मात्मा श्रीरामको प्रातःकाल राक्षसके भवनमें कैद हुई अपनी पत्नी सीताका स्मरण हो आया और वे खिन्नचित्त होकर वीरवर लक्ष्मणसे इस प्रकार बोले--

Transliteration

prabhāte lakṣmaṇaṃ vīram abhyabhāṣata durmanāḥ | sītāṃ saṃsmṛtya dharmātmā ruddhāṃ rākṣasaveśmani ||

Translation

Lúc rạng đông, Rāma—bậc có tâm hồn chính trực—lòng nặng u sầu, cất lời với dũng sĩ Lakṣmaṇa. Nhớ đến Sītā, người vợ đang bị giam trong dinh thất của rākṣasa, Người nói trong đau đớn, song vẫn giữ vững chí hướng theo dharma giữa cơn tai biến.

Word by Word

प्रभातेat dawn / in the morning

लक्ष्मणम्Lakshmana (as object addressed/spoken to)

वीरम्the heroic (one)

अभ्यभाषतspoke to / addressed

दुर्मनाःdowncast, sad-minded

सीताम्Sita

संस्मृत्यhaving remembered

धर्मात्माthe righteous-souled one

रुद्धाम्confined, imprisoned

राक्षसवेश्मनिin the demon's house/palace

Speaker

मार्कण्डेय उवाच

Characters & Entities

Mārkaṇḍeya

Lakṣmaṇa

Sītā

Śrī Rāma

rākṣasa (as captor/inhabitant of the dwelling)

rākṣasa-veśman (rākṣasa dwelling)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even when overwhelmed by personal sorrow, the dharmic person does not abandon righteousness; grief is acknowledged, yet action and speech remain guided by duty, loyalty, and moral restraint.

What is happening in the narrative?

At dawn, Rāma—remembering Sītā’s captivity in a rākṣasa dwelling—becomes sorrowful and turns to Lakṣmaṇa, addressing him as he prepares to respond to the crisis.