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Shloka 60

Duryodhana’s Śaraṇāgati and the Pāṇḍavas’ Resolve

Gandharva Encounter

चचाल व्यनदच्चोर्वी तमोभूतं जगद्‌ बभौ । ततस्तद्‌ दारुणं दृष्टवा क्षुभित: शड्करस्तदा

cacāla vyanadac corvī tamobhūtaṁ jagad babhau | tatas tad dāruṇaṁ dṛṣṭvā kṣubhitaḥ śaṅkaras tadā ||

Đất rung chuyển và gầm rền, cả thế gian như bị bóng tối phủ kín. Thấy điềm dữ ghê gớm ấy, Śaṅkara (Śiva) bấy giờ cũng chấn động trong lòng—một bước ngoặt ominous trong dòng biến cố đang mở ra.

चचालshook/moved
चचाल:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootचल्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
व्यनदत्roared/resounded
व्यनदत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootनद्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
उर्वीthe earth
उर्वी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउर्वी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
तमोभूतम्become dark
तमोभूतम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootतमस्-भूत
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
जगत्the world
जगत्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजगत्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
बभौbecame/appeared
बभौ:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
ततःthen/thereupon
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
दारुणम्terrible
दारुणम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootदारुण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormAbsolutive (ktvā), Parasmaipada (usage)
क्षुभितःagitated/disturbed
क्षुभितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootक्षुभ्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शङ्करःŚaṅkara (Śiva)
शङ्करः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशङ्कर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तदाat that time
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा

मार्कण्डेय उवाच

मार्कण्डेय (Mārkaṇḍeya)
शङ्कर (Śaṅkara/Śiva)
उर्वी (the Earth)
जगत् (the world)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how grave moral or cosmic imbalance is mirrored by nature through ominous signs; such portents signal that events have reached a critical threshold requiring divine attention and corrective action.

Mārkaṇḍeya describes a terrifying upheaval: the earth shakes and roars, darkness covers the world, and Śaṅkara, witnessing this dreadful sign, becomes stirred and disturbed—indicating an impending decisive development.