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Shloka 32

पञ्चवर्णोत्पत्तिः — The Origin of the Five-Colored Fiery Being and Ritual-Disruptor Lineages

शुभै: प्रयोगैर्देवत्वं व्यामिश्रैर्मानुषो भवेत्‌ मोहनीयैर्वियोनीषु त्वधोगामी च किल्बिषी,शुभकर्मोंके संयोगसे जीवको देवत्वकी प्राप्ति होती है। शुभ और अशुभ दोनोंके सम्मिश्रणसे उसका मनुष्य-योनिमें जन्म होता है। मोहमें डालनेवाले तामस कर्मोंके आचरणसे जीव पशु, पक्षी आदिकी योनिमें जन्म ग्रहण करता है और जिसने केवल पापका ही संचय किया है, वह नरकगामी होता है

śubhaiḥ prayogair devatvaṃ vyāmiśrair mānuṣo bhavet | mohanīyair viyonīṣu tv adhogāmī ca kilbiṣī ||

Vị thợ săn—người thầy—giảng về luật đạo đức của tái sinh: do chuyên cần thực hành các việc lành, người ta đạt đến cảnh giới chư thiên; do những hành vi pha trộn cả thiện lẫn ác, người ta sinh làm người. Do các hành vi mê muội, thuộc tính tamas, che lấp sự phân biệt, người ta rơi vào những thai tạng thấp—như loài thú và chim. Còn kẻ chỉ tích lũy tội lỗi thì trở thành kẻ sa đọa, bị định phần vào các cõi địa ngục.

शुभैःby auspicious (acts/means)
शुभैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootशुभ
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
प्रयोगैःby practices/performances
प्रयोगैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रयोग
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
देवत्वम्divinity, godhood
देवत्वम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदेवत्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
व्यामिश्रैःby mixed (acts)
व्यामिश्रैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootव्यामिश्र
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
मानुषःa human (being)
मानुषः:
Karta
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootमानुष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भवेत्would become
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
मोहनीयैःby deluding (acts)
मोहनीयैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootमोहनीय
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
वियोनीषुin non-human wombs/species
वियोनीषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवियोनि
FormFeminine, Locative, Plural
तुbut/and (contrast)
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
अधोगामीone who goes downward (to lower states/hell)
अधोगामी:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअधोगामिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
किल्बिषीa sinner, one with sin
किल्बिषी:
Karta
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootकिल्बिषिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

व्याध उवाच

V
vyādha (the hunter, speaker)
D
deva (divine beings, as a state of rebirth)
N
naraka (hell, implied by adhogāmī/kilbiṣī)
L
lower yonis (animals, birds—implied by viyonīṣu)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches a graded karmic causality: predominantly wholesome action leads to a divine condition, mixed action yields human birth, delusive tamasic conduct results in lower non-human births, and exclusive accumulation of sin leads to hellish downfall.

In the Vana Parva’s dialogue associated with the hunter (vyādha), he instructs a seeker on dharma by explaining how different moral qualities of action determine the soul’s next state of existence.