Shloka 20

Agni’s Withdrawal to the Forest and Identification with Āṅgirasa (अग्न्याङ्गिरस-इतिहासः)

Devanagari script

कष्ट ७0४ रूयुवाच क्षन्तुमर्हसि मे विद्वन्‌ भर्ता मे दैवतं महत्‌ । स चापि क्षुधित: श्रान्तः प्राप्त: शुश्रूषितो मया

Transliteration

kṣantum arhasi me vidvan bhartā me daivataṁ mahat | sa cāpi kṣudhitaḥ śrāntaḥ prāptaḥ śuśrūṣito mayā ||

Translation

Nàng thưa: “Bậc hiền trí, xin hãy tha lỗi cho tôi. Với tôi, phu quân là thần linh tối thượng. Và chính chàng—đói khát, mệt nhọc—vừa đến đây; tôi đang tận tụy hầu hạ chàng.”

Word by Word

• रूयुः: Rūyu (proper name)
• रूयुः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: रूयु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उवाच: said
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Perfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• क्षन्तुम्: to forgive
• Type: Verb
• Root: क्षम्
• Form: Infinitive (Tumun)

• अर्हसि: you ought / you are worthy
• Type: Verb
• Root: अर्ह्
• Form: Present, 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• मे: of me / my
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: —, Genitive, Singular

• विद्वन्: O learned one
• Type: Noun
• Root: विद्वस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• भर्ता: husband
• भर्ता: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: भर्तृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• मे: my
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: —, Genitive, Singular

• दैवतं: deity; object of reverence
• दैवतं: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दैवत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• महत्: great
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• अपि: also
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

• क्षुधितः: hungry
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्षुधित (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• श्रान्तः: tired, weary
• Type: Adjective
• Root: श्रान्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• प्राप्तः: arrived
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्राप्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• शुश्रूषितः: served, attended upon
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शुश्रूषित (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• मया: by me
• मया: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: —, Instrumental, Singular

Speaker

मार्कण्डेय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Mārkaṇḍeya (speaker)
• vidvān (a learned man addressed)
• bhartā (husband)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the ethical ideal of devoted service and reverence within household life: the wife regards her husband as a sacred duty-object (daivata) and seeks forgiveness while prioritizing care for the weary and hungry.

What is happening in the narrative?

A woman (as recounted by Mārkaṇḍeya) addresses a learned person, asking pardon and explaining that her husband—hungry and exhausted—has arrived, and she has been engaged in serving him.