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Shloka 23

Dharma-vyādha’s Analysis of Moral Decline and the Mahābhūta–Guṇa Schema (धर्मव्याधोपदेशः)

तस्मात्‌ त्वं सर्वयत्नेन यतस्वातिथिभोजने । पादोदकं पादघृतं दीपमन्न॑ प्रतिश्रयम्‌

tasmāt tvaṁ sarvayatnena yatasvātithibhojane | pādodakaṁ pādaghṛtaṁ dīpam annaṁ pratiśrayam |

Vì vậy, ngươi phải dốc hết mọi nỗ lực để kính đãi và nuôi dưỡng khách lữ hành. Hãy dâng nước rửa chân, dầu thơm hay bơ sữa (ghee) xoa chân, một ngọn đèn, cơm ăn và chỗ trú ngụ xứng đáng—những lễ nghi ấy nâng đỡ dharma và gìn giữ mối dây thiêng liêng giữa người chủ gia và kẻ đường xa.

तस्मात्therefore/from that
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine/neuter, ablative, singular
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, nominative, singular
सर्वयत्नेनwith every effort
सर्वयत्नेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसर्वयत्न
Formmasculine, instrumental, singular
यतस्वstrive / make effort
यतस्व:
TypeVerb
Rootयत् (यतते)
Formimperative, second, singular, ātmanepada
आतिथिभोजनेin feeding/entertaining guests
आतिथिभोजने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआतिथिभोजन
Formneuter, locative, singular
पादोदकम्water for washing the feet
पादोदकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपादोदक
Formneuter, accusative, singular
पादघृतम्ghee/unctuous offering for the feet (for anointing)
पादघृतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपादघृत
Formneuter, accusative, singular
दीपम्a lamp
दीपम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदीप
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
अन्नम्food
अन्नम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअन्न
Formneuter, accusative, singular
प्रतिश्रयम्lodging/shelter (a place to stay)
प्रतिश्रयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रतिश्रय
Formmasculine, accusative, singular

मार्कण्डेय उवाच

M
Mārkaṇḍeya (speaker)
A
atithi (guest)

Educational Q&A

Mārkaṇḍeya teaches that honoring guests is a central duty of the householder: one must actively provide the standard tokens of welcome—water for the feet, soothing unction, light, food, and shelter—because such care is a practical expression of dharma.

In his instruction, Mārkaṇḍeya urges the listener to be vigilant and wholehearted in atithi-sevā (service to guests), listing the concrete items traditionally offered to a traveler as part of righteous conduct.