Shloka 71

इन्द्रद्युम्नोपाख्यानम्

Indradyumna Upākhyāna: On Kīrti, Smṛti, and Restoration

Devanagari script

अक्रमेण मनुष्याणां भविष्यन्ति तदा क्रिया: । विरोधमथ यास्यन्ति वृषला ब्राह्मणैः सह,मनुष्योंकी सारी क्रियाएँ क्रमसे विपरीत होंगी। शूद्र ब्राह्मणोंक साथ विरोध करेंगे

Transliteration

akrameṇa manuṣyāṇāṃ bhaviṣyanti tadā kriyāḥ | virodham atha yāsyanti vṛṣalā brāhmaṇaiḥ saha ||

Translation

Mārkaṇḍeya nói: “Bấy giờ, mọi hành vi và lễ tục của con người sẽ không còn diễn tiến theo trật tự đáng có; chúng trở nên đảo lộn. Và những vṛṣala (kẻ hạnh kiểm suy đồi) sẽ xung đột với các brāhmaṇa.”

Word by Word

अक्रमेणin disorder; not in due order

मनुष्याणाम्of men; of human beings

भविष्यन्तिwill be; will become

तदाthen

क्रियाःactions; rites; activities

विरोधम्opposition; conflict

अथthen; moreover

यास्यन्तिwill go to; will resort to; will enter into

वृषलाःśūdras; low-born people

ब्राह्मणैःwith brahmins

सहtogether with

Speaker

मार्कण्डेय उवाच

Characters & Entities

Mārkaṇḍeya

brāhmaṇas

vṛṣalas

manuṣyāḥ (people)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse warns that when dharma weakens, human conduct and ritual practice lose their proper order (krama), leading to social inversion and hostility—especially conflict directed toward those entrusted with preserving sacred learning and ethical norms.

What is happening in the narrative?

Mārkaṇḍeya is describing ominous future conditions: people’s practices become disorderly, and vṛṣalas—those characterized here as degraded in conduct—come into open opposition with brāhmaṇas, signaling a breakdown of traditional moral and social restraints.