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Shloka 2

Āraṇyaka-parva, Adhyāya 17 — Śālva’s encampment and the Yādava counter-engagement at Dvārakā

उच्छ़ित्य मकर केतु व्यात्ताननमिवान्तकम्‌ । उत्पतद्धिरिवाकाशं तैहयैरन्वयात्‌ परान्‌

ucchitya makara-ketu vyāttānanam ivāntakam | utpataddhir ivākāśaṃ taiḥ hayair anvayāt parān ||

Vāyu nói: “Giương cao lá cờ mang dấu makara, há miệng như Tử Thần, chàng thúc những chiến mã ấy đuổi theo quân địch, tựa như đang lao vút lên tận trời cao.”

उच्छित्यhaving cut off / having severed
उच्छित्य:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootउद्-छिद्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), कर्तरि
मकरकेतुम्Makara-bannered one (Kāma)
मकरकेतुम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमकरकेतु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
व्यात्ताननम्with gaping mouth
व्यात्ताननम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootव्यात्त-आनन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
इवlike, as if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
अन्तकम्Death (Yama)
अन्तकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअन्तक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उत्पतद्भिःby (those) leaping / springing up
उत्पतद्भिः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्-पतत्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
इवas if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
आकाशम्the sky
आकाशम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआकाश
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तैःby them / with them
तैः:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
हयैःby horses
हयैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootहय
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
अन्वयात्followed, pursued
अन्वयात्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-इ
Formलङ् (imperfect), 3rd, Singular, परस्मैपद
परान्the others / the enemies
परान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural

वायुदेव उवाच

वायुदेव (Vāyu)
अन्तक (Antaka/Death)
मकरकेतु (makara-banner/standard)
हय (horses)
आकाश (sky)

Educational Q&A

The verse uses a vivid simile—likening the pursuer to Death—to convey how overwhelming force and relentless pursuit can inspire fear and compel retreat; ethically, it highlights the narrative theme that power, when displayed as terror, can dominate opponents even before physical defeat.

Vāyu describes a warrior (implicitly the pursuer) charging after others: his chariot-flag bears a makara emblem, his mouth is described as gaping like Antaka (Death), and with his horses surging forward he follows the others as if vaulting into the sky.