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Shloka 59

Dambhodbhava, Nara-Nārāyaṇa, and the Counsel to Abandon Hubris

Udyoga-parva 94

राष्ट्राणि धनधान्यं च प्रयुक्त: परमोपधि: । ऐसे साधु बर्ताववाले युधिष्ठिरके राज्य तथा धन-धान्यका अपहरण कर लेनेकी इच्छासे सुबलपुत्र शकुनिने जूएके बहाने अपना महान्‌ कपटजाल फैलाया ।।

rāṣṭrāṇi dhanadhānyaṃ ca prayuktaḥ paramopadhiḥ | evaṃ sādhubartāvavāle yudhiṣṭhirake rājya tathā dhana-dhānyakā apaharaṇa kara lene kī icchā se subalaputraḥ śakunir dyūtake bahāne ātmanaḥ mahān kapaṭajālaṃ phailāyām āsa || sa tām avasthāṃ samprāpya kṛṣṇāṃ prekṣya sabhāgatām |

Vaiśaṃpāyana nói: “Với mưu gian trá tột bậc đã được khởi động, Śakuni, con trai của Subala, giăng một mạng lưới lừa đảo rộng lớn dưới chiêu bài cuộc chơi xúc xắc—bị thúc đẩy bởi lòng ham muốn chiếm đoạt vương quốc của Yudhiṣṭhira và tước sạch của cải cùng lương thực của chàng. Khi đã đẩy sự việc đến mức ấy, hắn nhìn Kṛṣṇā (Draupadī) khi nàng bước vào hội trường triều đình.”

राष्ट्राणिkingdoms/realms
राष्ट्राणि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootराष्ट्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
धनwealth
धन:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
धान्यम्grain
धान्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधान्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
प्रयुक्तःemployed/used
प्रयुक्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-युज्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
परमsupreme/great
परम:
TypeAdjective
Rootपरम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उपधिःdeceit/stratagem
उपधिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउपधि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ताम्that (her/that state)
ताम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
अवस्थाम्condition/state
अवस्थाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअवस्था
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
सम्प्राप्यhaving reached/attained
सम्प्राप्य:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-प्र-आप्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund)
कृष्णाम्Krishnaa (Draupadi)
कृष्णाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकृष्णा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
प्रेक्ष्यhaving seen
प्रेक्ष्य:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-ईक्ष्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund)
सभागताम्come to the assembly
सभागताम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसभा-गत
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular, क्त (past participle)

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśaṃpāyana
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
Ś
Śakuni
S
Subala
K
Kṛṣṇā (Draupadī)
S
Sabhā (royal assembly)
D
Dyūta (dice-game)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how adharma often advances through ‘respectable’ pretexts: a dice-game becomes a tool for political theft. It warns that greed and calculated deceit corrode royal duty, public ethics, and the protection owed to others—especially in a king’s court.

Śakuni, intent on taking Yudhiṣṭhira’s sovereignty and resources, engineers a major deception through gambling. The situation escalates to the point that Draupadī (Kṛṣṇā) is seen entering the assembly, signaling the impending public crisis of honor and dharma.