Shloka 1

कुन्ती-विलापः तथा गोविन्द-आश्वासनम्

Kuntī’s Lament and Govinda’s Consolation

Devanagari script

अपन क्रात बा अर: एकोननवतितमो<ध्याय: श्रीकृष्णका स्वागत

Transliteration

Vaiśampāyana uvāca: prātar utthāya kṛṣṇas tu kṛtavān sarvam āhvikam | brāhmaṇair abhyanujñātaḥ prayayau nagaraṃ prati ||

Translation

Vaiśampāyana nói: Lúc rạng đông, Kṛṣṇa thức dậy và hoàn tất mọi nghi lễ thường nhật theo quy định. Rồi, sau khi nhận được sự cho phép và chúc phúc của các Bà-la-môn, Ngài lên đường về thành (Hastināpura). Đoạn này nhấn mạnh nếp hành trì kỷ luật và sự kính trọng lời khuyên tôn giáo, ngay giữa cơn khủng hoảng chính trị và đạo lý đang dồn dập.

Word by Word

• वैशम्पायनः: Vaiśampāyana
• वैशम्पायनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वैशम्पायन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उवाच: said
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Perfect (Liṭ), Third, Singular

• प्रातर्: in the morning
• प्रातर्: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्रातर्

• उत्थाय: having risen
• Type: Verb
• Root: उत्-स्था
• Form: Absolutive (Ktva), Parasmaipada

• कृष्णः: Kṛṣṇa
• कृष्णः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृष्ण
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तु: indeed/but
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• कृतवान्: did/has done
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ
• Form: Past active participle (Kta-vat), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सर्वम्: all (of it)
• सर्वम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• आह्विकम्: daily rite/daily duty
• आह्विकम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: आह्विक
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• ब्राह्मणैः: by the brāhmaṇas
• ब्राह्मणैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्राह्मण
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• अभ्यनुज्ञातः: having been permitted/with permission granted
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि-अनु-ज्ञा
• Form: Past passive participle (Kta), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• प्रययौ: departed/went forth
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-या
• Form: Perfect (Liṭ), Third, Singular

• नगरम्: to the city
• नगरम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: नगर
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• प्रति: towards
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्रति

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Kṛṣṇa
• Brāhmaṇas
• Hastināpura (implied by 'nagara')

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even in moments of political urgency, one should uphold dharma through disciplined daily duties and act with humility—seeking and honoring the guidance of the learned before undertaking consequential action.

What is happening in the narrative?

Kṛṣṇa completes his morning obligatory rites, receives the Brahmins’ consent, and then departs toward Hastināpura, setting the stage for his diplomatic engagement in the tense pre-war context.