Shloka 1

अध्याय ७५ — दैव-पुरुषकार-समन्वयः

Reconciling Contingency and Human Effort

Devanagari script

अ्र-क्ा् षट्सप्ततितमो< ध्याय: भीमसेनका उत्तर वैशम्पायन उवाच तथोक्तो वासुदेवेन नित्यमन्युरमर्षण: । सदश्ववत्‌ समाधावद्‌ बभाषे तदनन्तरम्‌

Transliteration

Vaiśampāyana uvāca | tathokto Vāsudevena nityam anyur amarṣaṇaḥ | sadaśvavat samādhāvad babhāṣe tad-anantaram ||

Translation

Vaiśampāyana nói: Được Vāsudeva bảo như thế, Bhīmasena—kẻ vốn luôn đầy giận dữ và nóng nảy—thoạt đầu tuôn lời như con tuấn mã đã thuần lao đi hết tốc lực; rồi ngay sau đó, ông mới cất tiếng vững chãi hơn.

Word by Word

• तथा: thus, in that manner
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा

• उक्तः: having been spoken to / addressed
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• वासुदेवेन: by Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa)
• वासुदेवेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: वासुदेव
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• नित्यम्: always, constantly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नित्य

• मन्युः: anger, wrath
• मन्युः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: मन्यु
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अमर्षणः: intolerant, impatient (of insult)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अमर्षण
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सदश्ववत्: like a well-trained horse
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सदश्ववत्

• समाधावत्: ran forth / rushed
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-धाव्
• Form: Imperfect (लङ्), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• बभाषे: spoke
• Type: Verb
• Root: भाष्
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), Third, Singular, Ātmanepada

• तत्: that (speech/words)
• तत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• अनन्तरम्: immediately thereafter
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अनन्तर

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa)
• Bhīmasena

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the ethical tension between righteous counsel and an anger-driven temperament: even when guided by wise instruction, one must restrain wrath so that speech and action become deliberate rather than impulsive—especially on the brink of war.

What is happening in the narrative?

After Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa) speaks, Bhīmasena reacts with a surge of impetuous emotion—likened to a trained horse rushing forward—then regains composure and begins to speak in a more controlled manner.