Shloka 5
Adhyaya 60: Self-Assertion, Daiva, and the Rhetoric of Inevitability (उद्योग पर्व)
नैव मानुषवद् देवा: प्रवर्तन्ते कदाचन । कामात् क्रोधात् तथा लोभाद् द्वेषाच्च भरतर्षभ
naiva mānuṣavad devāḥ pravartante kadācana | kāmāt krodhāt tathā lobhād dveṣāc ca bharatarṣabha ||
Vaiśampāyana nói: “Chư thiên không bao giờ hành xử như người phàm. Họ không khởi sự vì dục vọng, vì giận dữ, vì tham lam, hay vì thù hận, hỡi bậc hùng tráng nhất trong dòng Bharata.”
वैशम्पायन उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse contrasts divine and ordinary human conduct: the gods are portrayed as not acting under the sway of the four inner enemies—desire, anger, greed, and hatred—implying that ethical action should be guided by dharma and discernment rather than impulsive passions.
Vaiśampāyana, as narrator, makes a general statement about the nature of the gods to frame the surrounding discussion: divine agency is not to be interpreted as passion-driven in the way human decisions often are, especially in contexts of conflict and high emotion.