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Shloka 29

Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 50 — Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s Appraisal of Bhīmasena (भीमसेनभयवर्णनम्)

गदां भ्रामयतस्तस्य भिन्दतो हस्तिमस्तकान्‌ । सृक्किणी लेलिहानस्य बाष्पमुत्सूजतो मुहुः

gadāṁ bhrāmayatas tasya bhindato hastimastakān | sṛkkiṇī lelihānasya bāṣpam utsṛjato muhuḥ ||

Dhṛtarāṣṭra nói: “Khi Bhīmasena quay chùy, bắt đầu bổ vỡ đầu voi; khi hắn liếm mép, liên hồi rơi lệ vì cơn thịnh nộ—làm sao các con ta sống sót khỏi bàn tay hắn, rực cháy như lửa? Trong giờ khắc ấy, hắn lao thẳng vào những voi chúa rống lên ghê rợn, gầm như sư tử đáp lại tiếng tru của bầy voi điên cuồng tháo chạy hỗn loạn; rồi xông vào hàng ngũ chiến xa của ta, chọn từng dũng sĩ mà đánh gục—các con ta còn nơi nương tựa nào?”

गदाम्mace
गदाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगदा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
भ्रामयतःof (him) whirling
भ्रामयतः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootभ्रामय् (भ्रम् + णिच्)
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
तस्यof him
तस्य:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
भिन्दतःof (him) splitting
भिन्दतः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootभिद्
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
हस्ति-मस्तकान्elephants' heads
हस्ति-मस्तकान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootहस्ति-मस्तक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
सृक्किणीthe two corners of the mouth / lips
सृक्किणी:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसृक्किणी
FormFeminine, Accusative, Dual
लेलिहानस्यof (him) licking repeatedly
लेलिहानस्य:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootलेलिहान (√लिह्)
FormPresent active participle (शानच्; intensive/reduplicated sense), Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
बाष्पम्tears
बाष्पम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबाष्प
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उत्सृजतःof (him) letting out / shedding
उत्सृजतः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootउत्-√सृज्
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
मुहुःagain and again
मुहुः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमुहुः
FormAdverb

धृतराष्ट उवाच

D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
B
Bhīmasena
G
gadā (mace)
E
elephants (hastin)
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s sons (Kauravas, implied)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the moral psychology of impending war: a ruler attached to unjust outcomes foresees catastrophe yet feels powerless. Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s fear underscores how adharma and partiality breed insecurity, while the unstoppable force of a righteous opponent (here, Bhīma as an instrument of retribution) becomes a mirror of one’s own ethical failures.

Dhṛtarāṣṭra imagines Bhīma’s battlefield fury—whirling his mace, cleaving elephants, shedding rage-tears, and roaring back at the elephants’ cries—then asks how his sons could possibly survive when such a warrior breaks into their ranks and kills selected champions.