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Shloka 15

Sanatsujāta on Vedic Learning, Truth (Satya), and the Discipline of Dama–Tyāga–Apramāda

नाचार्यस्यानपाकृत्य प्रवासं प्राज्ञ: कुर्वीत नैतदहं करोमि । इतीव मन्येत न भाषयेत स वै चतुर्थो ब्रह्मचर्यस्य पाद:,आचार्यके उपकारका बदला चुकाये बिना अर्थात्‌ गुरुदक्षिणा आदिके द्वारा उन्हें संतुष्ट किये बिना विद्वान्‌ शिष्य वहाँसे अन्यत्र न जाय। [दक्षिणा देकर या गुरुकी सेवा करके] कभी मनमें ऐसा विचार न लावे कि मैं गुरुका उपकार कर रहा हूँ तथा मुँहसे भी कभी ऐसी बात न निकाले। यह ब्रह्मचर्यका चौथा पाद है

nācāryasyānāpākṛtya pravāsaṃ prājñaḥ kurvīta naitad ahaṃ karomi | itīva manyeta na bhāṣayeta sa vai caturtho brahmacaryasya pādaḥ ||

Sanatsujāta nói: Người học trò có trí không nên rời đi ở nơi khác khi chưa trả xong điều phải trả cho thầy—chưa làm thầy hài lòng bằng phụng sự, học phí (gurudakṣiṇā), hay những hành vi tri ân thích đáng khác. Dẫu đã làm như vậy, cũng chớ khởi ý nghĩ: “Ta đang làm ơn cho thầy,” và tuyệt đối đừng nói theo cách ấy. Đó được tuyên bố là “phần thứ tư” của phạm hạnh: khiêm cung và tri ân đối với thầy, không vướng tự mãn.

nanot
na:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna
ācāryasyaof the teacher
ācāryasya:
TypeNoun
Rootācārya
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
anapākṛtyawithout having repaid/removed (the obligation)
anapākṛtya:
TypeVerb
Rootapa-√kṛ (kṛ)
Formabsolutive (ktvā/lyap), active
pravāsamdeparture/going away (to another place)
pravāsam:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootpravāsa
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
prājñaḥa wise person (student)
prājñaḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootprājña
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
kurvītashould do/undertake
kurvīta:
TypeVerb
Root√kṛ
Formoptative (vidhi-liṅ), 3rd, singular, parasmaipada
nanot
na:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna
etadthis
etad:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootetad
Formneuter, accusative, singular
ahamI
aham:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootasmad
Formnominative, singular
karomido
karomi:
TypeVerb
Root√kṛ
Formpresent (laṭ), 1st, singular, parasmaipada
itithus
iti:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti
ivaas if
iva:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva
manyetashould think
manyeta:
TypeVerb
Root√man
Formoptative (vidhi-liṅ), 3rd, singular, ātmanepada
nanot
na:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna
bhāṣayetshould speak/utter
bhāṣayet:
TypeVerb
Root√bhāṣ
Formoptative (vidhi-liṅ), 3rd, singular, parasmaipada
saḥthat (rule/that conduct)
saḥ:
TypePronoun
Roottad
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
vaiindeed
vai:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvai
caturthaḥfourth
caturthaḥ:
TypeAdjective
Rootcaturtha
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
brahmacaryasyaof brahmacarya (student-discipline)
brahmacaryasya:
TypeNoun
Rootbrahmacarya
Formneuter, genitive, singular
pādaḥquarter/part
pādaḥ:
TypeNoun
Rootpāda
Formmasculine, nominative, singular

सनत्सुजात उवाच

S
Sanatsujāta
Ā
ācārya (teacher/preceptor)
B
brahmacarya

Educational Q&A

A student should not leave the teacher’s care without properly repaying obligations through service or appropriate gifts, and even then must avoid pride—neither thinking nor saying, “I have done my teacher a favor.” True brahmacarya includes humility and gratitude.

In Sanatsujāta’s instruction (within Udyoga Parva), he outlines disciplines of brahmacarya. Here he specifies a rule of conduct toward one’s ācārya: do not depart without settling one’s duty to the teacher, and do so without self-congratulation.