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Shloka 51

Sanatsujāta–Dhṛtarāṣṭra Saṃvāda: Pramāda as Mṛtyu

Chapter 42

छन्दांसि नाम द्विपदां वरिष्ठ स्वच्छन्दयोगेन भवन्ति तत्र । छन्‍्दोविदस्तेन च तानधीत्य गता न वेदस्य न वेद्यमार्या:

chandāṁsi nāma dvipadāṁ variṣṭha svacchandayogena bhavanti tatra | chandovidastena ca tān adhītya gatā na vedasya na vedyam āryāḥ ||

Sanatsujāta nói: “Hỡi bậc tối thắng trong loài người, các thể ‘chandas’—tối thượng trong mọi hình thức ngôn từ—an trụ nơi đó bằng mối liên hệ tự do, tự chứng của chính chúng. Vì vậy, những người thật sự biết chandas, sau khi học tập, không bị giam trong mặt chữ của Veda; các bậc Arya đạt đến điều mà Veda nhằm cho biết—chính Thực tại Tối thượng.”

छन्दांसिmeters / Vedic hymns (chandas)
छन्दांसि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootछन्दस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
नामindeed / namely
नाम:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनाम
द्विपदाम्of the two-footed (i.e., of humans)
द्विपदाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootद्विपद
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
वरिष्ठO best (one)
वरिष्ठ:
TypeNoun
Rootवरिष्ठ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
स्वच्छन्दयोगेनby/through free (spontaneous) connection/association
स्वच्छन्दयोगेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootस्वच्छन्दयोग
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
भवन्तिare / become
भवन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPresent, Indicative, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
तत्रthere / in that (context/place)
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
छन्दोविदःknowers of chandas (Vedic meter)
छन्दोविदः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootछन्दोविद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तेनtherefore / by that
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तान्those (meters/hymns)
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अधीत्यhaving studied
अधीत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootअधि-इ
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)
गताःhave gone / have attained
गताः:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वेदस्यof the Veda
वेदस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootवेद
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
nor / not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वेद्यम्that which is to be known (knowable)
वेद्यम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootवेद्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आर्याःthe noble ones / Aryas
आर्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआर्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
नरश्रेष्ठO best of men
नरश्रेष्ठ:
TypeNoun
Rootनरश्रेष्ठ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

सनत्युजात उवाच

S
Sanatsujāta
V
Veda
C
Chandas (Vedic metres)

Educational Q&A

True Vedic learning is not merely recitation or ritual literacy; mastery of the Veda’s inner structure (here symbolized by chandas) leads the noble seeker beyond the text to the Veda’s intended object—ultimate Reality (the vedyam).

In the Sanatsujātīya section of the Udyoga Parva, Sanatsujāta instructs a royal listener on higher knowledge. This verse emphasizes that Vedic forms are intrinsically authoritative and that genuine Vedic expertise culminates in realizing the Supreme, not in stopping at external scripture alone.