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Shloka 48

उद्योगपर्व — अध्याय 33: धृतराष्ट्र-विदुर संवादः (विदुरनीतिः)

शीलं प्रधान पुरुषे तद्‌ यस्येह प्रणश्यति । न तस्य जीवितेनार्थो न धनेन न बन्धुभि:,पुरुषमें शील ही प्रधान है; जिसका वही नष्ट हो जाता है, इस संसारमें उसका जीवन, धन और बन्धुओंसे कोई प्रयोजन सिद्ध नहीं होता

śīlaṃ pradhānaṃ puruṣe tad yasyeha praṇaśyati | na tasya jīvitenārtho na dhanena na bandhubhiḥ ||

Vidura nói: Tài sản tối thượng của con người là đức hạnh. Nếu trong đời này đức hạnh ấy bị hủy hoại, thì chính mạng sống cũng trở nên vô nghĩa—giàu sang và cả thân quyến cũng không thể giúp đạt được mục đích chân thật nào.

शीलम्conduct, character
शीलम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशील
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
प्रधानम्chief, foremost
प्रधानम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रधान
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
पुरुषेin a man/person
पुरुषे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
तत्that (i.e., that character)
तत्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
यस्यof whom/whose
यस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
इहhere, in this world
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
प्रणश्यतिperishes, is destroyed
प्रणश्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-नश्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तस्यof him
तस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
जीवितेनby/with life; by living
जीवितेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootजीवित
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
अर्थःpurpose, use, value
अर्थः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
धनेनby/with wealth
धनेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootधन
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
nor
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
बन्धुभिःby/with kinsmen, relatives
बन्धुभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबन्धु
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura

Educational Q&A

Character (śīla) is the highest asset of a person; without it, life, wealth, and social ties lose their true value and cannot accomplish a worthy purpose.

In Udyoga Parva, Vidura offers nīti (ethical-political counsel) amid rising conflict, warning that inner virtue—not power, money, or alliances—is what makes a life meaningful and fit for dharma.