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Shloka 19

अध्याय २९ — वासुदेव–संजय संवादः

Karma, Varṇa-Dharma, and the Ethics of Governance

यस्य कामो वर्तते नित्यमेव नान्य: शमाद्‌ भारतानामिति सम | स बाह्लिकानामृषभो मनीषी त्वयाभिवाद्य: संजय साधुशील:

yasya kāmo vartate nityam eva nānyaḥ śamād bhāratānām iti sam | sa bāhlikānām ṛṣabho manīṣī tvayābhivādyaḥ sañjaya sādhūśīlaḥ ||

Yudhiṣṭhira nói: “Hỡi Sañjaya, hãy thay ta chuyển lời kính lễ đến Bāhlīka bậc hiền trí và cao quý—đứng đầu trong hàng Bāhlīka—người luôn chỉ có một ước nguyện duy nhất: để hòa bình và hòa thuận mãi mãi ngự trị giữa dòng Bhārata. Với ngài, không có mong cầu nào khác ngoài việc làm lắng dịu lòng người và khôi phục sự hòa hợp.”

यस्यwhose
यस्य:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
कामःdesire
कामः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकाम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वर्ततेexists/continues
वर्तते:
TypeVerb
Rootवृत् (वर्तते)
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
नित्यम्always
नित्यम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अन्यःanother (desire)
अन्यः:
Karta
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शमात्than peace/quietude
शमात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootशम
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
भरतानाम्of the Bharatas
भरतानाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootभरत
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
सम्wholly/altogether (emphatic particle)
सम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम्
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
बाह्लिकानाम्of the Bāhlīkas
बाह्लिकानाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootबाह्लिक
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
ऋषभःbull; best/foremost
ऋषभः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootऋषभ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मनीषीwise man
मनीषी:
Karta
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootमनीषिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्वयाby you
त्वया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
Form—, Instrumental, Singular
अभिवाद्यःto be saluted/greeted
अभिवाद्यः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअभि-वाद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Gerundive (तव्यत्/यत् sense: 'to be saluted')
संजयO Sañjaya
संजय:
TypeNoun (Proper)
Rootसंजय
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
साधुशीलःof good conduct
साधुशीलः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसाधु-शील
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
S
Sañjaya
B
Bhāratas
B
Bāhlīka (the elder/king of the Bāhlīkas)

Educational Q&A

The verse elevates śama (peaceful restraint and concord) as the highest and sole worthy desire in a fractured family polity; it frames ethical leadership as prioritizing reconciliation over personal gain.

In the diplomatic exchanges preceding war, Yudhiṣṭhira instructs Sañjaya to offer his respectful greetings to the virtuous elder Bāhlīka, praising him as one whose constant aim is peace among the Bhāratas.