Shloka 4

अध्याय 24 — संजयस्य शमोपदेशः

Sanjaya’s Counsel Toward Conciliation

Devanagari script

शमं राजा धृतराष्ट्रोडभिनन्द- न्नयोजयत्‌ त्वरमाणो रथं मे । सभ्रातृपुत्रस्वजनस्य राज्ञ- स्तद्‌ रोचतां पाण्डवानां शमो<स्तु

Transliteration

sañjaya uvāca | śamaṃ rājā dhṛtarāṣṭro 'bhinandan niyojayat tvaramāṇo rathaṃ me | sabhrātṛputrasvajanasya rājñas tad rocatāṃ pāṇḍavānāṃ śamo 'stu ||

Translation

Sañjaya nói: Vua Dhṛtarāṣṭra, tán thành con đường hòa bình, đã vội vã cho sửa soạn chiến xa của ta và phái ta đến đây. Mong rằng thông điệp hòa giải này của nhà vua—cùng với các anh em, các con và thân tộc của ngài—sẽ được các Pāṇḍava đón nhận, để hòa bình được thiết lập giữa hai phe.

Word by Word

• शमम्: peace
• शमम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: शम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• राजा: the king
• राजा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• धृतराष्ट्रः: Dhṛtarāṣṭra
• धृतराष्ट्रः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: धृतराष्ट्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उदभिनन्दत्: approved / welcomed
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि-नन्द् (धातु)
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• अयोजयत्: caused to be yoked / prepared
• Type: Verb
• Root: युज् (णिच्) (धातु)
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada, Causative (ṇic)

• त्वरमाणः: hastening
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्वर् (धातु)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular, शतृ (present active participle)

• रथम्: chariot
• रथम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• मे: for me / to me
• मे: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Dative/Genitive (enclitic), Singular

• सभ्रातृपुत्रस्वजनस्य: of (his) brothers, sons, and kinsmen (together)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भ्रातृ + पुत्र + स्वजन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• राज्ञः: of the king
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• तत्: that (message/thing)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• रोचताम्: may it please / be agreeable (to them)
• Type: Verb
• Root: रुच् (धातु)
• Form: Imperative (Loṭ), 3rd, Plural, Ātmanepada

• पाण्डवानाम्: of the Pāṇḍavas
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाण्डव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

• शमः: peace
• शमः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: शम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अस्तु: let there be
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)
• Form: Imperative (Loṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra
• Pāṇḍavas
• chariot (ratha)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Peace (śama) is presented as an ethically preferable royal policy before resorting to war, especially when the conflict is among relatives; the king’s duty includes attempting reconciliation to prevent needless destruction.

What is happening in the narrative?

Dhṛtarāṣṭra urgently prepares Sañjaya’s chariot and sends him as an envoy, hoping the Pāṇḍavas will accept a peace message so that a settlement can be reached between the two factions.