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Shloka 3

भीष्मकृतः पाण्डवपक्ष-महारथ-प्रशंसा

Bhishma’s appraisal of Pandava-aligned chariot-warriors

सखा ते दयितो नित्यं य एष रणकर्कश: । उत्साहयति राजंस्त्वां विग्रहे पाण्डवैः सह

sakhā te dayito nityaṃ ya eṣa raṇakarkaśaḥ | utsāhayati rājan tvāṃ vigrahe pāṇḍavaiḥ saha ||

Bhīṣma nói: “Tâu Đại vương, Karṇa này—người bạn được ngài yêu quý luôn luôn—cứng rắn và tàn khốc nơi chiến địa, không ngừng thúc giục ngài gây chiến với các Pāṇḍava. Ảnh hưởng của hắn đẩy ngài xa khỏi sự tiết chế và hòa giải, thổi bùng ý chí hiếu chiến thay vì bổn phận quân vương là phán đoán chừng mực.”

सखाfriend
सखा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसखि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तेof you/your
ते:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
दयितःbeloved/dear
दयितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदयित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नित्यम्always
नित्यम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एषःthis (man)
एषः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
रणकर्कशःharsh in battle
रणकर्कशः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootरणकर्कश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उत्साहयतिencourages/urges on
उत्साहयति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootउत्साहय्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
राजन्O king
राजन्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
त्वाम्you (object)
त्वाम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormAccusative, Singular
विग्रहेin conflict/war
विग्रहे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootविग्रह
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
पाण्डवैःwith the Pandavas
पाण्डवैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
सहtogether with
सह:
Karana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
K
Karṇa
P
Pāṇḍavas

Educational Q&A

A ruler must scrutinize counsel and companionship: even a dear friend can become ethically dangerous if he habitually inflames hostility. Kingship requires restraint and discernment, not being driven into war by aggressive advisers.

In Udyoga Parva, as war becomes imminent, Bhīṣma addresses Dhṛtarāṣṭra and points to Karṇa’s role in urging him toward armed conflict with the Pāṇḍavas, warning about the corrosive effect of such incitement.