Shloka 3

Droṇa–Vidura–Gāndhārī Counsel in the Royal Assembly (धर्मार्थयुक्ता सभा-उपदेश-प्रकरणम्)

Devanagari script

विसृज्य सर्वान्‌ नृपतीन्‌ विराटप्रमुखांस्तदा । पाण्डवा भ्रातर: पञ्च भानावस्तं गते सति

Transliteration

visṛjya sarvān nṛpatīn virāṭa-pramukhāṁs tadā | pāṇḍavā bhrātaraḥ pañca bhānāv astaṁ gate sati ||

Translation

Vaiśampāyana nói: “Bấy giờ, sau khi cáo biệt tất cả các vua—đứng đầu là Virāṭa—năm anh em Pāṇḍava, khi mặt trời đã lặn, liền rời khỏi hội ấy mà đi.”

Word by Word

• विसृज्य: having dismissed/left
• विसृज्य: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-√सृज्
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), परस्मैपद-भावार्थ, —, —, —

• सर्वान्: all
• सर्वान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• नृपतीन्: kings
• नृपतीन्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: नृपति
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• विराटप्रमुखान्: with Virāṭa as the chief (i.e., headed by Virāṭa)
• विराटप्रमुखान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विराट-प्रमुख
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• तदा: then
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा
• Form: true

• पाण्डवाः: the Pāṇḍavas
• पाण्डवाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाण्डव
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• भ्रातरः: brothers
• भ्रातरः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: भ्रातृ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• पञ्च: five
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पञ्च
• Form: —, —, —, indeclinable numeral used adjectivally

• भानौ: when the sun (was)
• भानौ: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: भानु
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• अस्तम्: to setting (down)
• अस्तम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्त
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• गते: having gone (i.e., when it had gone)
• गते: Adhikarana
• Type: Verb
• Root: √गम्
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Locative, Singular

• सति: while (it) was / being
• सति: Adhikarana
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस्
• Form: शतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Locative, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśaṃpāyana
• Pāṇḍavas
• Virāṭa
• kings (nṛpati)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights maryādā (proper decorum): even amid looming conflict, the Pāṇḍavas act with restraint and respect, formally taking leave of allied kings—an ethical model of conduct in political and martial contexts.

What is happening in the narrative?

After meeting with and addressing the assembled rulers (with Virāṭa prominent), the five Pāṇḍava brothers conclude the engagement; at sunset they depart, marking a transition to the next phase of preparations and counsel in the Udyoga Parva.