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Shloka 20

धन-निरुक्ति तथा गालवस्य गुरुदक्षिणा-प्रसङ्गः

Etymology of Wealth and the Gurudakṣiṇā Predicament of Gālava

यस्त्वया स्वयमेवार्थ: प्रतिज्ञातो मम द्विज । तस्य कालो<पवर्गस्य यथा वा मन्यते भवान्‌,“ब्रह्मन! तुमने स्वयं ही जिस धनको देनेकी प्रतिज्ञा की थी, उसे देनेका समय आ गया है। फिर तुम जैसा ठीक समझो, करो

yas tvayā svayam evārthaḥ pratijñāto mama dvija | tasya kālo 'pavargasya yathā vā manyate bhavān ||

“Hỡi Bà-la-môn! Lễ vật mà chính ngươi đã tự hứa dâng cho ta nay đã đến kỳ hạn. Vậy hãy làm theo điều ngươi cho là phải—hoàn thành lời đã thệ theo cách ngươi xét là đúng.”

यःwhich/that (that thing)
यः:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्वयाby you
त्वया:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
FormMasculine/Feminine, Instrumental, Singular
स्वयम्yourself
स्वयम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वयम्
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
अर्थःwealth/thing (promised object)
अर्थः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रतिज्ञातःpromised
प्रतिज्ञातः:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रतिज्ञा + क्त (प्रतिज्ञात)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ममto me/of me
मम:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
द्विजO brahmin (twice-born)
द्विज:
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
तस्यof that (of it)
तस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
कालःtime
कालः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकाल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अपवर्गस्यof the release/fulfilment (discharge)
अपवर्गस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootअपवर्ग
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
यथाas/how
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
वाor/indeed
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
मन्यतेthinks/considers
मन्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootमन् (मन्यते)
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
भवान्you (honorific)
भवान्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootभवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

नारद उवाच

N
Nārada
D
dvija (a Brahmin addressee)

Educational Q&A

A pledge freely made becomes a binding ethical obligation; dharma requires timely fulfilment of one’s word, especially regarding gifts and commitments.

Nārada addresses a Brahmin and reminds him that the time has come to deliver the promised gift/wealth, urging him to proceed according to what he considers proper while emphasizing the duty to honour the promise.