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Shloka 17

Virāṭa-sabhāyāṃ Saṃniveśaḥ — Assembly at Virāṭa’s Hall and Kṛṣṇa’s Diplomatic Counsel

तथापि राजा सहित: सुहृद्धि- रभीप्सतेडनामयमेव तेषाम्‌ | यत्‌ तु स्वयं पाण्डुसुतैर्विजित्य समादह्वतं भूमिपतीन्‌ प्रपीड्य

tathāpi rājā sahitaḥ suhṛdbhir abhīpsate ’nāmayam eva teṣām | yat tu svayaṃ pāṇḍusutair vijitya samādahvataṃ bhūmipatīn prapīḍya ||

Dẫu vậy, nhà vua—giữa vòng các bậc thân hữu—vẫn tỏ ra rằng mình chỉ cầu mong phúc lợi và sự an ổn cho họ. Thế nhưng, chính sau khi các con Pāṇḍu tự tay chinh phục và khuất phục các chư hầu bằng vũ lực, họ mới bị triệu đến và bị thách thức.

तथापिeven so, nevertheless
तथापि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा + अपि
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सहितःaccompanied (by)
सहितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसहित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सुहृद्भिःby friends, with well-wishers
सुहृद्भिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसुहृद्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
अभीप्सतेdesires, wishes
अभीप्सते:
TypeVerb
Rootअभीप्स्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
अनामयम्well-being, freedom from illness/trouble
अनामयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअनामय
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
एवindeed, only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
तेषाम्of them
तेषाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
यत्that which
यत्:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
तुbut, however
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
स्वयम्personally, themselves
स्वयम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वयम्
पाण्डुसुतैःby the sons of Pandu
पाण्डुसुतैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डुसुत
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
विजित्यhaving conquered
विजित्य:
TypeVerb
Rootवि + जि
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)
समादह्वतthey summoned, they called together
समादह्वत:
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + आ + √ह्वे (ह्वा)
FormImperfect (Laṅ), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
भूमिपतीन्kings, lords of the earth
भूमिपतीन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभूमिपति
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
प्रपीड्यhaving oppressed/pressed hard
प्रपीड्य:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + पीड्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund)

श्रीकृष्ण उवाच

Ś
Śrī Kṛṣṇa
R
rājā (the king)
S
suhṛd (well-wishers/allies)
P
Pāṇḍusuta (sons of Pāṇḍu / Pāṇḍavas)
B
bhūmipati (kings/rulers)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the moral inconsistency between declaring concern for others’ welfare and pursuing policies that rely on coercion and provocation. It invites reflection on dharma in statecraft: true welfare cannot be credibly claimed when one’s actions intensify fear, subjugation, and hostility.

Kṛṣṇa comments on the political posture of the king and his circle: they claim to seek the safety of others, yet the Pāṇḍavas—after conquering and subduing other rulers—were then summoned and challenged, implying a deliberate tightening of pressure that fuels the coming confrontation.