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Shloka 15

Saṃsāra-gahana-jñāna: Vidura’s Account of Embodiment, Bondage, and Dharmic Release (संसारगहन-ज्ञानम्)

यदा प्राज्ञाश्न मूर्खाश्न धनवन्तश्न निर्धना: । कुलीनाश्चाकुलीनाश्न मानिनो5थाप्यमानिन:

yadā prājñāś ca mūrkhāś ca dhanavantaś ca nirdhanāḥ | kulīnāś cākulīnāś ca mānino 'thāpy amāninaḥ ||

Vidura nói: “Khi bậc trí và kẻ ngu đều như nhau, người giàu và kẻ nghèo đều như nhau, kẻ dòng dõi và người hèn mọn đều như nhau, người được tôn kính và kẻ không danh phận cũng đều như nhau—khi tất cả đứng trên cùng một nền (trước tai ương và cái chết), thì niềm kiêu hãnh về địa vị và của cải lộ rõ chỉ là rỗng không.”

यदाwhen
यदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा
Formtemporal
प्राज्ञाःthe wise (people)
प्राज्ञाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्राज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formconjunction
मूर्खाःthe foolish (people)
मूर्खाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमूर्ख
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formconjunction
धनवन्तःthe wealthy
धनवन्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootधनवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formconjunction
निर्धनाःthe poor
निर्धनाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनिर्धन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
कुलीनाःthe well-born / noble
कुलीनाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकुलीन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formconjunction
अकुलीनाःthe low-born / ignoble
अकुलीनाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअकुलीन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formconjunction
मानिनःthe self-respecting / proud
मानिनः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमानिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अथand then / also
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
Formparticle
अपिeven / also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
Formparticle
अमानिनःthe without pride / not self-respecting
अमानिनः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअमानिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura

Educational Q&A

External distinctions—intelligence, wealth, birth, and social honor—do not ultimately protect anyone; in crisis and mortality all are leveled, so one should cultivate humility and dharmic conduct rather than pride.

In the aftermath of the Kurukṣetra catastrophe (Strī Parva), Vidura speaks in a reflective, admonitory tone, pointing out how the devastation renders social and personal hierarchies meaningless.