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Shloka 35

स्त्रीपर्व १: धृतराष्ट्रशोकः संजयाश्वासनं च

Strī Parva 1: Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s Lament and Saṃjaya’s Consolation

आदावेव मनुष्येण वर्तितव्यं यथाक्षमम्‌ | यथा नातीतमर्थ वै पश्चात्तापेन युज्यते,“मनुष्यको पहले ही यथायोग्य बर्ताव करना चाहिये, जिससे आगे चलकर उसे बीती हुई बातके लिये पश्चात्ताप न करना पड़े

ādāveva manuṣyeṇa vartitavyaṃ yathākṣamam | yathā nātītam arthaṃ vai paścāttāpena yujyate ||

Ngay từ buổi đầu, con người phải xử sự cho phải đạo trong khả năng của mình, để về sau không bị trói buộc bởi nỗi hối hận vì điều đã qua.

आदौat the beginning
आदौ:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआदि
FormAvyaya (locative sense: 'in the beginning')
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
FormAvyaya (emphasis)
मनुष्येणby a man / by a person
मनुष्येण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमनुष्य
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
वर्तितव्यम्should be conducted/one should behave
वर्तितव्यम्:
TypeVerb
Rootवृत्
FormGerundive (तव्यत्), Neuter, Nominative, Singular; impersonal obligation
यथाas/according to
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
FormAvyaya (manner/comparison)
अक्षमम्to the extent of ability
अक्षमम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअक्षम्
FormAvyaya (idiom: यथाक्षमम् = to the best of one's ability)
यथाso that
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
FormAvyaya (so that/so that not)
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
FormAvyaya (negation)
अतीतम्past/elapsed
अतीतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअतीत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अर्थम्matter/thing
अर्थम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
वैindeed/for sure
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
FormAvyaya (emphasis/assurance)
पश्चात्तापेनwith regret/repentance
पश्चात्तापेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपश्चात्ताप
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
युज्यतेis joined/gets associated (i.e., is afflicted)
युज्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootयुज्
FormPresent, Passive (Ātmanepada form), 3rd person, Singular

वैशमग्पायन उवाच

Educational Q&A

Act rightly from the beginning, within one’s ability and discernment, because once events have passed, regret cannot undo them; ethical foresight prevents later remorse.

In the opening of the Strī Parva, the narration turns to grief and reflection after the war; this verse frames the mood with a moral maxim about timely right conduct and the futility of lamenting what is already past.