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Shloka 21

राष्ट्रगुप्ति-संग्रहः

Protection of the Realm and Principles of Revenue & Local Administration

भृतो वत्सो जातबल: पीडां सहति भारत | न कर्म कुरुते वत्सो भृशं दुग्धो युधिष्ठिर

bhṛto vatsaḥ jātavalaḥ pīḍāṃ sahati bhārata | na karma kurute vatsaḥ bhṛśaṃ dugdho yudhiṣṭhira ||

Bhishma nói: “Hỡi Yudhishthira, hậu duệ nhà Bharata! Con bê được nuôi dưỡng đúng mực sẽ lớn lên cường tráng, chịu được gian lao và gánh nặng. Nhưng con bê có mẹ bị vắt sữa quá mức sẽ trở nên yếu ớt, không thể làm được như vậy. Bởi thế, sự vơ vét để lợi trước mắt sẽ làm suy kiệt sức mạnh và năng lực về sau.”

भृतःwell-nourished / well-fed
भृतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootभृत (√भृ)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वत्सःcalf
वत्सः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवत्स
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
जातबलःhaving acquired strength
जातबलः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootजातबल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पीडाम्strain / hardship / burden
पीडाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपीडा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
सहतिendures
सहति:
TypeVerb
Root√सह्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
भारतO Bharata
भारत:
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
कर्मwork / task
कर्म:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कुरुतेdoes / performs
कुरुते:
TypeVerb
Root√कृ
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
वत्सःthe calf
वत्सः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवत्स
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भृशम्excessively / greatly
भृशम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootभृशम्
दुग्धःmilked (out)
दुग्धः:
TypeAdjective
Rootदुग्ध (√दुह्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
युधिष्ठिरO Yudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिर:
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
Y
Yudhishthira
B
Bharata (dynastic epithet)
C
calf (vatsa)
C
cow (implied by milking)

Educational Q&A

Bhishma teaches that strength and capability arise from proper nourishment and restraint: if one drains resources excessively for immediate benefit, the dependent becomes weak and future productivity and resilience are lost. Ethical rule requires measured use and long-term care.

In the Shanti Parva, Bhishma instructs Yudhishthira on dharma and statecraft. Here he uses a pastoral analogy—calf and cow—to illustrate how over-milking (over-exploitation) weakens what should be nurtured, implying guidance for a king’s treatment of subjects and resources.