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Shloka 15

Rājapurohita-lakṣaṇa and Purūravas–Vāyu Saṃvāda

Varṇa, Sovereignty, and Abhaya-dāna

यो राजानं नवेद्‌ बुद्धया सर्वतः परिपूर्णया । ब्राह्मणो हि कुले जात: कृतप्रज्ञो विनीतवान्‌

yaḥ rājānaṁ naved buddhyā sarvataḥ paripūrṇayā | brāhmaṇo hi kule jātaḥ kṛtaprajño vinītavān |

Một Bà-la-môn—sinh trong dòng dõi cao quý, có sự phân biệt chín chắn và được rèn luyện trong đức khiêm cung—phải dùng trí tuệ viên mãn mọi bề để dẫn dắt nhà vua đi vào chính đạo. Chính vị Bà-la-môn như thế, nói năng khéo léo và thấu suốt, mới đưa bậc quân vương đến điều an lành; và nhà vua phải đem vào thực hành dharma mà Bà-la-môn chỉ dạy.

यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
राजानम्the king
राजानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
नयेत्should lead
नयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootनी
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
बुद्ध्याby (his) intellect
बुद्ध्या:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबुद्धि
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
सर्वतःin every way / from all sides
सर्वतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसर्वतः
परिपूर्णयाfully complete
परिपूर्णया:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootपरिपूर्ण
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
ब्राह्मणःa Brahmin
ब्राह्मणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हिindeed / for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
कुलेin a family
कुले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकुल
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
जातःborn
जातः:
TypeAdjective
Rootजात
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, kta (past passive participle)
कृतप्रज्ञःof accomplished wisdom
कृतप्रज्ञः:
TypeAdjective
Rootकृतप्रज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विनीतवान्possessed of humility/discipline
विनीतवान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootविनीतवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

ऐल उवाच

A
Aiḷa (speaker)
R
rājā (king)
B
brāhmaṇa (Brahmin)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that righteous governance depends on wise counsel: a king should be guided by a Brahmin who is intellectually complete, ethically disciplined, and humble, and the king should enact in practice the dharma thus taught.

Aiḷa is describing the proper relationship between spiritual-intellectual authority and royal power: the qualified Brahmin provides direction toward the right path, and the king follows that instruction by implementing dharma in conduct and policy.