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Shloka 19

Cāturāśramya-dharma—Marks of the Four Āśramas (चातुराश्रम्यधर्मः)

पितृयज्ञास्तथा कृपा: प्रपाश्ष शयनानि च । दानानि च यथाकाल द्विजेभ्यो विसृजेत्‌ सदा

pitṛyajñās tathā kṛpāḥ prapāś śayanāni ca | dānāni ca yathākālaṃ dvijebhyo visṛjet sadā ||

Indra nói: “Hãy luôn gìn giữ những bổn phận nâng đỡ xã hội và tôn kính tổ tiên—cúng tế các Pitṛ (lễ tế tổ), khởi lòng từ bi, lập nguồn nước công cộng, dựng chỗ nghỉ và giường cho lữ khách, và bố thí đúng thời cho hàng ‘nhị sinh’ (Bà-la-môn). Sự bố thí đúng lúc và việc làm lợi ích công cộng ấy là những hình thức dharma bền lâu.”

पितृयज्ञाःrites/offerings to the ancestors
पितृयज्ञाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपितृयज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तथाand likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
कूपाःwells
कूपाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकूप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
प्रपाःwater-sheds/drinking-water stations
प्रपाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रपा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
शयनानिresting-places/beds (lodgings)
शयनानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशयन
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
दानानिgifts/charities
दानानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदान
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
यथाकालम्at the proper time
यथाकालम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा-काल
द्विजेभ्यःto the twice-born (Brahmins)
द्विजेभ्यः:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज
FormMasculine, Dative, Plural
विसृजेत्should give/dispense
विसृजेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-√सृज्
FormVidhi-ling (optative), Present-system, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
सदाalways
सदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा

इन्द्र उवाच

I
Indra
P
Pitṛs (ancestors)
D
Dvijas (twice-born/Brahmins)
P
Prapā (public water-station)
Ś
Śayana (beds/resting-places)

Educational Q&A

Dharma is expressed through sustained, timely beneficence: honoring ancestors (pitṛyajña/śrāddha), practicing compassion, creating public utilities like water-stations and lodging, and giving appropriate gifts—especially to dvijas—at the right time.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on righteous conduct, Indra speaks as a moral authority, enumerating concrete duties and charitable works that uphold social order and generate lasting merit.