Shloka 5

Brāhmaṇa-Dharma, Āśrama Eligibility, and the Primacy of Rāja-Dharma (Śānti Parva 63)

Devanagari script

या संज्ञा विहिता लोके दासे शुनि वृके पशौ | विकर्मणि स्थिते विप्रे सैव संज्ञा च पाण्डव

Transliteration

yā saṁjñā vihitā loke dāse śuni vṛke paśau | vikarmaṇi sthite vipre saiva saṁjñā ca pāṇḍava ||

Translation

Yudhiṣṭhira nói: “Cũng chính cái danh xưng khinh miệt mà đời gán cho kẻ nô lệ, con chó, con sói hay các loài thú khác, hỡi Pāṇḍava, lại được dùng cho một bà-la-môn đang đứng trong những hành vi trái với bổn phận đã định cho mình. Khi người ta bỏ rơi hạnh kiểm thích đáng, thế gian xét đoán người ấy theo sự sa ngã đó, chứ không chỉ theo dòng sinh.”

Word by Word

• या: which
• या: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: यद्
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• संज्ञा: designation, name
• संज्ञा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: संज्ञा
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• विहिता: ordained, prescribed
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-धा
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular, kta (past passive participle)

• लोके: in the world
• लोके: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोक
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• दासे: in/for a slave
• दासे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: दास
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• शुनि: in/for a dog
• शुनि: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्वन्
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• वृके: in/for a wolf
• वृके: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृक
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• पशौ: in/for an animal
• पशौ: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पशु
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• विकर्मणि: in forbidden/contrary action
• विकर्मणि: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: वि-कर्मन्
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• स्थिते: being engaged/standing (in)
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्था
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular, kta (past passive participle)

• विप्रे: in/for a brahmin
• विप्रे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: विप्र
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• सा: that (same)
• सा: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तद्
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• एव: indeed, just
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• संज्ञा: designation, name
• संज्ञा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: संज्ञा
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• पाण्डव: O Pandava
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाण्डव
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• पाण्डु-नन्दन: O son of Pandu
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाण्डु-नन्दन
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

युधिषछ्िर उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Yudhiṣṭhira
• Pāṇḍava (son of Pāṇḍu)
• brāhmaṇa
• slave
• dog
• wolf
• beasts/animals