Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 10

Varṇāśrama-ācāra and Vikarma: Yudhiṣṭhira’s Inquiry on Safe Dharmas (शिवधर्मप्रश्नः)

अधीत्य वेदान्‌ कृतसर्वकृत्य: संतानमुत्पाद्य सुखानि भुक्त्वा | समाहित: प्रचरेद्‌ दुश्चरं यो गार्हस्थ्यधर्म मुनिधर्मजुष्टम्‌

bhīṣma uvāca | adhītya vedān kṛta-sarva-kṛtyaḥ santānam utpādya sukhāni bhuktvā | samāhitaḥ pracared duścaraṃ yo gārhasthya-dharmaṃ muni-dharma-juṣṭam ||

Bhīṣma nói: “Nay hãy nghe về dharma của người gia chủ. Người nào đã học trọn Veda, hoàn tất mọi bổn phận được quy định, sinh con nối dõi và hưởng những tiện nghi chính đáng của đời sống gia đình, rồi với tâm trí định tĩnh, chuyên nhất, thực hành dharma khó nhọc của bậc gia chủ—một nếp sống hòa hợp với kỷ luật của các bậc hiền triết—thì người ấy thật là bậc ưu tú.”

अधीत्यhaving studied
अधीत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootअधि-इ (अधी-)
Formक्त्वान्त अव्यय (gerund), कर्तरि
वेदान्the Vedas
वेदान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवेद
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
कृतdone, accomplished
कृत:
TypeAdjective
Rootकृ
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
सर्वall
सर्व:
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कृत्यःone whose duties (to be done) are (completed)
कृत्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकृत्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
संतानम्offspring, progeny
संतानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसंतान
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उत्पाद्यhaving produced, having begotten
उत्पाद्य:
TypeVerb
Rootउत्-√पद् (उत्पादयति caus.)
Formक्त्वान्त अव्यय (gerund), कर्तरि
सुखानिpleasures, comforts
सुखानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसुख
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
भुक्त्वाhaving enjoyed
भुक्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootभुज्
Formक्त्वान्त अव्यय (gerund), कर्तरि
समाहितःcollected (in mind), concentrated
समाहितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्-आ-धा
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रचरेत्should practice/should conduct (himself)
प्रचरेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-चर्
Formविधिलिङ्, Optative (injunctive sense), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
दुश्चरम्hard to practice
दुश्चरम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootदुश्चर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गार्हस्थ्यधर्मम्the dharma of the householder
गार्हस्थ्यधर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगार्हस्थ्य-धर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
मुनिधर्मजुष्टम्endowed with/associated with the sages’ dharma
मुनिधर्मजुष्टम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमुनि-धर्म-जुष्ट
Formक्त (P.P.P. of √जुष् 'to be devoted to/associated with'), Masculine, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
V
Vedas
G
Gārhasthya-dharma (householder dharma)
M
Muni (sages)

Educational Q&A

The verse praises the ideal householder: one who completes Vedic learning and prescribed duties, sustains family life through legitimate enjoyments and progeny, yet remains mentally disciplined and lives with sage-like restraint. Household life is presented as spiritually weighty and difficult, but excellent when aligned with ethical self-control.

In the Shanti Parva, Bhishma instructs Yudhishthira on dharma after the war. Here he describes the standards of gārhasthya-dharma, emphasizing that a householder who fulfills scriptural obligations and family responsibilities while maintaining inner composure and ascetic virtues is worthy of high regard.