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Shloka 33

Bhīṣma on the Śara-Śayyā: Yudhiṣṭhira and Kṛṣṇa Approach the Eldest for Śānti

योगे सांख्ये च नियता ये च धर्मा: सनातना: । चातुर्वर्ण्यस्य यश्नोक्तो धर्मो न सम विरुध्यते

yoge sāṅkhye ca niyatā ye ca dharmāḥ sanātanāḥ | cāturvarṇyasya yaś cokto dharmo na samavirudhyate ||

Vaiśampāyana nói: “Những bổn phận vĩnh cửu được quy định trong Yoga và Sāṅkhya, cùng bổn phận đã dạy cho trật tự bốn varṇa—chúng không hề đối nghịch nhau. Nếu hiểu đúng, kỷ luật của sự chứng ngộ nội tâm và nghĩa vụ của đời sống xã hội–đạo đức có thể cùng tồn tại mà không mâu thuẫn.”

योगेin Yoga
योगे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयोग
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
सांख्येin Sāṅkhya
सांख्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसांख्य
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
नियताःfixed/established
नियताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनियत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
येwhich/that (those who/which)
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
धर्माःduties/laws
धर्माः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सनातनाःeternal
सनातनाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसनातन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
चातुर्वर्ण्यस्यof the fourfold social order (four varṇas)
चातुर्वर्ण्यस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootचातुर्वर्ण्य
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
यःwhich/that (he/that which)
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उक्तःsaid/declared
उक्तः:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
धर्मःduty/law
धर्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सम्together/fully (prefix-like particle)
सम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम्
विरुध्यतेis opposed/conflicts
विरुध्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootरुध्
FormLat (Present), Atmanepada, Third, Singular, Passive/Ātmanepada usage

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
Y
Yoga
S
Sāṅkhya
C
Cāturvarṇya (four varṇas)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that the eternal disciplines taught in Yoga and Sāṅkhya do not conflict with the dharma prescribed for the four varṇas; inner spiritual practice and outward social-ethical duty can be harmonized rather than treated as rival systems.

In Śānti Parva’s instructional setting, Vaiśampāyana continues conveying a doctrinal clarification: different authoritative frameworks for dharma—philosophical/spiritual (Yoga, Sāṅkhya) and socio-ritual (cāturvarṇya duties)—are presented as compatible, guiding conduct after the war toward stability and right living.