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Shloka 3

सो5भिगम्य यथान्यायं नागायतनमर्थवित्‌ | प्रोक्ततानहमस्मीति भो:शब्दालंकृतं वच:

so 'bhigamya yathānyāyaṃ nāgāyatanam arthavit | proktatān aham asmīti bhoḥ-śabdālaṅkṛtaṃ vacaḥ ||

Bhīṣma nói: Hiểu rõ mục đích của mình, người trí ấy đi theo đúng phép tắc và đến nơi cư ngụ của Nāga. Tới trước cửa, ông cất tiếng gọi bằng lời lẽ nhã nhặn, điểm xưng hô kính trọng “bhoḥ”, rằng: “Ta đã đến; ta đang ở trước cửa.”

सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अभिगम्यhaving approached
अभिगम्य:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-गम्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
यथाas, according to
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
अन्यायम्injustice (improperly)
अन्यायम्:
TypeNoun
Rootअन्याय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
नागायतनम्the serpent's abode/house
नागायतनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनाग-आयतन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अर्थवित्knower of the purpose/meaning
अर्थवित्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअर्थविद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रोक्तsaid/uttered
प्रोक्त:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-वच्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Neuter, Nominative, Singular
तान्those (persons)
तान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
अस्मिam
अस्मि:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent (Lat), First, Singular, Parasmaipada
इतिthus (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
भोःO! (vocative particle)
भोः:
Sampradana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootभोः
शब्दwith the word/sound
शब्द:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशब्द
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
अलङ्कृतम्adorned
अलङ्कृतम्:
TypeVerb
Rootअलङ्कृ
Formक्त (past passive participle), Neuter, Accusative, Singular
वचःspeech, utterance
वचः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवचस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
A
a brāhmaṇa (wise man)
N
Nāga
N
Nāgāyatana (dwelling of the Nāga)
D
doorway/gate

Educational Q&A

Even when pursuing one’s goal, one should act yathā-nyāyam—according to propriety—and use respectful speech. Dharma is expressed not only in major vows but also in correct approach, courteous address, and disciplined communication.

A discerning brāhmaṇa, intent on his purpose, travels to the Nāga’s residence. Reaching the door, he announces his presence politely, using the respectful vocative “bhoḥ,” indicating a formal, non-hostile request for attention and entry.