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Shloka 8

Prāyaścitta and Contextual Non-Culpability (प्रायश्चित्त-निमित्त-अदोषवाद)

यदि ब्रह्महत्या करनेवाला पुरुष कृच्छुव्रतके अनुसार भोजन करे तो छ: वर्षोमें वह शुद्ध हो जाता है और एक-एक मासमें एक-एक कृच्छुव्रतका निर्वाह करते हुए भोजन करे तो वह तीन ही वर्षो्में पापमुक्त हो जाता है ।।

saṃvatsareṇa māsāśī pūyate nātra saṃśayaḥ | tathaivopavasan rājan svalpenāpi prapūyate ||

Vyāsa nói: “Người chỉ ăn một lần mỗi tháng sẽ được thanh tịnh trong vòng một năm—điều ấy không nghi ngờ. Cũng vậy, hỡi Đại vương, người thực hành nhịn ăn sẽ được thanh tịnh chỉ trong thời gian ngắn.” Đoạn này nhấn mạnh các mức độ khổ hạnh—đặc biệt là kiêng khem ăn uống nghiêm ngặt và nhịn ăn—như những phép sám hối có sức gột rửa trọng tội, xem tự kỷ luật là con đường dharma để phục hồi đạo hạnh.

संवत्सरेणwithin/by a year
संवत्सरेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसंवत्सर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
मासाशीone who eats monthly (once a month)
मासाशी:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमासाशी
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पूयतेis purified
पूयते:
TypeVerb
Rootपू (पूयते)
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada, Passive/Reflexive (intransitive sense)
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अत्रhere/in this matter
अत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र
संशयःdoubt
संशयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंशय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तथाthus/likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
उपवसन्fasting (one who fasts)
उपवसन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootउपवस्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
स्वल्पेनby a little (time/effort)
स्वल्पेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वल्प
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
प्रपूयतेis completely purified
प्रपूयते:
TypeVerb
Rootपू (प्र+पूयते)
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada, Passive/Reflexive (intransitive sense)

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
K
King (rājan)

Educational Q&A

Severe self-restraint—especially regulated eating and fasting—functions as prāyaścitta (expiation): it purifies even grave wrongdoing, and the stricter the discipline, the quicker the purification.

Vyāsa instructs a king on expiatory disciplines, stating that eating only once per month purifies within a year, and that fasting can purify in even less time, underscoring the efficacy of tapas within dharma.