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Shloka 34

Prāyaścitta and Contextual Non-Culpability (प्रायश्चित्त-निमित्त-अदोषवाद)

इस प्रकार श्रीमह्याभारत शान्तिपर्वके अन्तर्गत राजधर्मानुशासनपर्वमें प्रायक्षित्तके प्रकरणमें चौंतीसवाँ अध्याय पूरा हुआ

tiryagyoni-vadhaṁ kṛtvā drumāś chittvetarān bahūn | trirātraṁ vāyu-bhakṣaḥ syāt karma ca prathayan naraḥ ||

Vyāsa nói: Kẻ đã mắc tội do giết các loài thuộc giới thú và giới chim, và do đốn hạ nhiều cây cối khác, vì sự thanh tịnh của mình phải sống ba ngày ba đêm chỉ lấy khí trời làm dưỡng chất, đồng thời công khai tuyên bố hành vi sai trái đã làm. Đoạn này đặt việc sám hối như sự khổ hạnh nơi thân và sự chịu trách nhiệm đạo đức qua lời thú nhận, tương xứng với mức độ tổn hại gây ra cho sinh linh và môi trường.

तिर्यग्योनिवधम्killing of animals/birds (beings of non-human birth)
तिर्यग्योनिवधम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतिर्यग्योनिवध
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
कृत्वाhaving done
कृत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
द्रुमान्trees
द्रुमान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्रुम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
छित्त्वाhaving cut
छित्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootछिद्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
इतरान्other
इतरान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootइतर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
बहून्many
बहून्:
TypeAdjective
Rootबहु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
त्रिरात्रम्for three nights (a three-night period)
त्रिरात्रम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootत्रिरात्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वायुभक्षःair-eating; subsisting on air
वायुभक्षः:
TypeAdjective
Rootवायुभक्ष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्यात्should be
स्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
कर्मdeed, act
कर्म:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
प्रथयन्proclaiming, making known
प्रथयन्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रथय्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
नरःa man
नरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
T
tiryagyoni (animals/birds)
D
druma (trees)
V
vāyu (air)

Educational Q&A

Harm done to living beings and to trees is treated as morally weighty; purification requires both austerity (three days and nights living only on air) and ethical transparency (openly disclosing the wrongdoing), emphasizing proportional penance and accountability.

In the prāyaścitta section of Śānti Parva, Vyāsa states a specific expiation for a person who has killed animals/birds and cut down many trees: undertake a three-day-and-night air-fast and publicly acknowledge the sinful act.