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Shloka 19

Prāyaścitta and Contextual Non-Culpability (प्रायश्चित्त-निमित्त-अदोषवाद)

भूमिप्रदानं कुर्याद्‌ यः सुरां पीत्वा विमत्सर: । पुनर्न च पिबेद्‌ राजन्‌ संस्कृत: स च शुद्ध्यति

bhūmipradānaṁ kuryād yaḥ surāṁ pītvā vimatsaraḥ | punar na ca pibed rājan saṁskṛtaḥ sa ca śuddhyati ||

Vyāsa nói: “Tâu Đại vương, nếu một người đã uống rượu say, nhưng không còn lòng đố kỵ và ác ý, thực hành bố thí đất đai, rồi từ đó về sau không uống nữa—thì sau khi trải qua nghi thức tẩy tịnh theo quy định, người ấy được thanh tịnh.”

भूमि-प्रदानम्gift of land
भूमि-प्रदानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभूमि-प्रदान
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कुर्यात्should do / should perform
कुर्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सुराम्liquor
सुराम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसुरा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
पीत्वाhaving drunk
पीत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootपा
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada (sense)
विमत्सरःfree from envy/jealousy
विमत्सरः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविमत्सर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पिबेत्should drink
पिबेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootपा
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
संस्कृतःpurified/ritually processed
संस्कृतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसंस्कृत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Past passive participle (kta)
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
शुद्ध्यतिbecomes purified
शुद्ध्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootशुध्
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
R
rājan (the king addressed)
S
surā (liquor)
B
bhūmi (land)

Educational Q&A

Wrongdoing is not erased by ritual alone: one must (1) make amends through a meaningful gift (land-donation), (2) reform the mind by abandoning envy and hostility, and (3) commit to non-repetition by never drinking again; then the prescribed saṁskāra leads to purification.

Vyāsa instructs a king within a dharma-discourse on expiations, specifying a remedy for the fault of drinking liquor: charitable restitution, inner moral disposition, and future restraint, followed by a purificatory rite.