Shloka 19

Nārāyaṇasya Guhya-nāmāni Niruktāni (Etymologies of Nārāyaṇa’s Secret Epithets) / नारायणस्य गुह्यनामानि निरुक्तानि

Devanagari script

आकिज्चन्यं सुसंतोषो निराशीस्त्वमचापलम्‌ | एतदाहुः: परं श्रेय आत्मज्ञस्थ जितात्मन:

Transliteration

ākiñcanyaṁ susantoṣo nirāśīs tvam acāpalam | etad āhuḥ paraṁ śreya ātmā-jñasya jitātmanaḥ ||

Translation

Nārada nói: “Không chiếm hữu, sự mãn nguyện sâu xa, không còn ham muốn, và sự vững vàng không bồn chồn—đó được tuyên bố là thiện tối thượng cho người biết Tự Ngã và đã tự chế ngự mình.”

Word by Word

• आकिञ्चन्यम्: non-possession; having nothing
• आकिञ्चन्यम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: आकिञ्चन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• सुसन्तोषः: complete contentment
• सुसन्तोषः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुसन्तोष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• निराशीः: free from desire/expectation
• निराशीः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निराशी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: —, Nominative, Singular

• अचापलम्: steadiness; absence of fickleness
• अचापलम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अचापल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• एतत्: this
• एतत्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• आहुः: they say; they have declared
• आहुः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: अह् (धातु)
• Form: Perfect (Paroksha/लिट्), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada

• परम्: supreme; highest
• परम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• श्रेयः: the highest good; welfare
• श्रेयः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्रेयस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• आत्मज्ञस्य: of the knower of the Self
• आत्मज्ञस्य: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: आत्मज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• जितात्मनः: of the self-controlled (one who has conquered the mind)
• जितात्मनः: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: जितात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

Speaker

नारद उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Nārada

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

For a person established in Self-knowledge and self-mastery, the highest welfare lies in four disciplines: not accumulating possessions (ākiñcanya), remaining content (susantoṣa), abandoning craving/expectation (nirāśīs), and maintaining steady composure without mental fickleness (acāpalam).

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on peace and liberation-oriented conduct, Nārada delivers a concise ethical-spiritual prescription, identifying inner renunciation and mental steadiness as the marks of the Self-knower and as the means to supreme good.