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Shloka 15

Nārāyaṇasya Guhya-nāmāni Niruktāni (Etymologies of Nārāyaṇa’s Secret Epithets) / नारायणस्य गुह्यनामानि निरुक्तानि

इन्द्रियैरिन्द्रियार्थान्‌ यश्चरत्यात्मवशैरिह । असज्जमान: शान्तात्मा निर्विकार: समाहित:

indriyair indriyārthān yaś caraty ātmavaśair iha | asajjamānaḥ śāntātmā nirvikāraḥ samāhitaḥ ||

Nārada nói: Người nào đem các căn dưới sự cai quản của Tự Ngã, ở đời này tiếp xúc các đối tượng của giác quan mà không vướng mắc—tâm bên trong an tĩnh, không dao động, và chuyên nhất—dẫu sống giữa thân và các căn vốn dường như là “ta”, vẫn tách biệt khỏi chúng, không đồng nhất với chúng. Người ấy là kẻ giải thoát, và rất mau đạt đến thiện tối thượng.

इन्द्रियैःby the senses
इन्द्रियैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्रिय
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
इन्द्रियार्थान्objects of the senses
इन्द्रियार्थान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्रियार्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
चरतिmoves/acts; experiences
चरति:
TypeVerb
Rootचर्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
आत्मवशैःself-controlled (under one’s own control)
आत्मवशैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootआत्मवश
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
इहhere (in this world/state)
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
असज्जमानःnot clinging; unattached
असज्जमानः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअसज्जमान
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, शानच् (present active participle), सज्ज्, अ-
शान्तात्माone whose self/mind is calm
शान्तात्मा:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootशान्तात्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
निर्विकारःunchanging; without modification
निर्विकारः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनिर्विकार
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
समाहितःcollected; concentrated; composed
समाहितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसमाहित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle), धा, सम्-आ-

नारद उवाच

N
Nārada

Educational Q&A

True freedom is not the absence of sensory experience but the absence of attachment: when the senses are governed by the Self, one can engage with sense-objects without clinging. Such steadiness—calm (śāntātmā), unmodified (nirvikāra), and concentrated (samāhita)—marks liberation and leads swiftly to the highest good.

Within the Śānti Parva’s instruction on peace and liberation, Nārada is speaking as a teacher, defining the liberated person. He describes how a wise individual lives amid body and senses yet remains inwardly separate from identification with them, thereby attaining mokṣa-oriented welfare.