Shloka 19

Nārada’s Darśana of Viśvarūpa Nārāyaṇa and the Caturmūrti Doctrine (नारदस्य नारायणदर्शनं चतुर्मूर्तिविचारश्च)

Devanagari script

स वनेः5ग्नीन्‌ यथान्यायमात्मन्यारोप्य धर्मवित्‌ | निर्दधन्दो वीतरागात्मा ब्रह्माश्रमपदे वसेत्‌

Transliteration

sa vaneḥ agnīn yathānyāyam ātmany āropya dharmavit | nirdahand(o) vītarāgātmā brahmāśramapade vaset |

Translation

Janaka nói: “Khi ấy, người hiểu biết dharma, theo đúng quy tắc kinh điển, nên thu nhiếp các thánh hỏa vào nơi Tự Ngã; và, sau khi đã ‘thiêu rụi’ mọi ràng buộc thế tục cùng sự nương tựa vào nghi lễ, trở nên ly tham, người ấy nên an trú trong giai đoạn xuất gia (saṃnyāsa) chuyên về quán niệm Brahman.”

Word by Word

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• वने: in the forest
• वने: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: वन
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• अग्नीन्: the sacred fires
• अग्नीन्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• यथा: as, according to
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा

• न्यायम्: rule, proper procedure
• न्यायम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: न्याय
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• आत्मनि: in oneself
• आत्मनि: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: आत्मन्
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• आरोप्य: having placed (superimposed)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-रुह्
• Form: Absolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), having superimposed/placed

• धर्मवित्: knower of dharma
• धर्मवित्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्मविद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• निर्दहन्: burning up (consuming)
• निर्दहन्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: निर्-दह्
• Form: Present active participle (शतृ), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• दोषान्: faults, defects
• दोषान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: दोष
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• वीतरागात्मा: one whose self is free from attachment
• वीतरागात्मा: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वीतरागात्मन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• ब्रह्माश्रमपदे: in the state/position of the Brahma-āśrama (renunciate stage)
• ब्रह्माश्रमपदे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्माश्रमपद
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• वसेत्: should dwell/live
• Type: Verb
• Root: वस्
• Form: Vidhi-ling (Optative), Present-system, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

Speaker

जनक उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Janaka
• agnis (sacred fires)
• ātman (Self)
• Brahman
• brahmāśrama (saṃnyāsa-āśrama)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse teaches the dharmic transition from external ritual maintenance (the sacred fires) to inner realization: one should, in a rule-governed way, internalize the fires into the Self and live as a detached renunciant devoted to Brahman-contemplation.

What is happening in the narrative?

Janaka is describing the proper conduct of a dharma-knower who is ready for renunciation: after duly concluding the fire-based Vedic obligations by ‘placing the fires in the Self,’ he becomes free from attachment and enters the Brahman-oriented renunciant mode of life.