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Shloka 130

Śuka’s Guṇa-Transcendence and Vyāsa’s Consolation (शुकगति-वर्णनम्)

रिपौ मित्रेडथ मध्यस्थे विजये संधिविग्रहे । कृतवान्‌ यो महीपाल: कि तस्मिन्‌ मुक्तलक्षणम्‌

ripau mitre'tha madhyasthē vijayē sandhi-vigrahē | kṛtavān yo mahīpālaḥ ki tasmin mukta-lakṣaṇam ||

Bhīṣma nói: “Khi đối đãi với kẻ thù, bạn hữu và người trung lập; và vào những lúc cần thắng lợi, hòa ước hay đối đầu công khai—nếu một vị vua đã hành xử trong mỗi trường hợp đúng như lẽ phải, vậy dấu hiệu của giải thoát khi còn sống (jīvanmukti) nơi người ấy là gì?”

रिपौin (the case of) an enemy
रिपौ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरिपु
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
मित्रेin (the case of) a friend
मित्रे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमित्र
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
अथand/then
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
मध्यस्थेin (the case of) a neutral/mediator
मध्यस्थे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमध्यस्थ
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
विजयेin victory
विजये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootविजय
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
सन्धि-विग्रहेin peace and war (treaty and hostility)
सन्धि-विग्रहे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसन्धि-विग्रह
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
कृतवान्has done / did
कृतवान्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPerfect (periphrastic), Third, Singular, Masculine, Nominative
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महीपालःthe king (protector of the earth)
महीपालः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहीपाल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
किम्what
किम्:
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तस्मिन्in him / in that (person)
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
मुक्त-लक्षणम्the mark/sign of liberation (jīvanmukti)
मुक्त-लक्षणम्:
TypeNoun
Rootमुक्तलक्षण
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

भीष्य उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
M
mahīpāla (king)
R
ripu (enemy)
M
mitra (friend/ally)
M
madhyastha (neutral party)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames a key inquiry of Śānti Parva: even when a ruler performs correct political duties—discerning friend, enemy, and neutral, and choosing victory, treaty, or war appropriately—liberation is not merely external success. The question points toward inner marks of freedom: non-attachment, equanimity, and dharmic intention amid action.

Bhīṣma, instructing on rājadharma and higher aims, raises a reflective question: if a king has already acted properly in diplomacy and conflict, what additional sign distinguishes him as a liberated person? It sets up discussion on the inner spiritual state alongside outward governance.