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Shloka 35

Jarā-Mṛtyu-anatikrama: Janaka–Pañcaśikha-saṃvāda

Aging and Death Cannot Be Overstepped

प्राक्‌ कृतेन ममत्वेन तासु तास्विह योनिषु । निर्ममस्य ममत्वेन कि कृतं तासु तासु च

prāk kṛtena mamatvena tāsu tāsv iha yoniṣu | nirmamasya mamatvena kiṁ kṛtaṁ tāsu tāsu ca ||

Vasiṣṭha nói: “Thuở trước, do thói quen của ‘cái của ta’, ta lang thang nơi đây, hết bào thai này sang bào thai khác. Nay, với kẻ đã lìa tâm chiếm hữu, việc lại bám víu vào ‘của ta’—trong đời này hay bất cứ đời nào—thì thành tựu được gì?”

प्राक्formerly, earlier
प्राक्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्राक्
Formindeclinable (temporal adverb)
कृतेनby/with the act (done)
कृतेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकृत
Formneuter, instrumental, singular
ममत्वेनby possessiveness, by the sense of 'mine'
ममत्वेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootममत्व
Formneuter, instrumental, singular
तासुin those (f.)
तासु:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formfeminine, locative, plural
तासुin those (various) (f.)
तासु:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formfeminine, locative, plural
इहhere, in this (world/condition)
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
Formindeclinable (deictic adverb)
योनिषुin wombs/births/species
योनिषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयोनि
Formfeminine, locative, plural
निर्ममस्यof one who is without 'mine'-ness (non-possessive)
निर्ममस्य:
Sambandha
TypeAdjective
Rootनिर्मम
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
ममत्वेनby possessiveness
ममत्वेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootममत्व
Formneuter, instrumental, singular
किम्what?
किम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
कृतम्done, made
कृतम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootकृत
Formpast passive participle; neuter, nominative/accusative, singular
तासुin those (f.)
तासु:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formfeminine, locative, plural
तासुin those (various) (f.)
तासु:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formfeminine, locative, plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formindeclinable (conjunction)

वसिष्ठ उवाच

V
Vasiṣṭha

Educational Q&A

The verse critiques mamatva (the possessive sense of “mine”) as a cause of repeated births and suffering, and praises nirmamatva (freedom from possessiveness) as the ethical and spiritual stance that makes clinging pointless and unproductive.

Vasiṣṭha reflects on his own past entanglement in possessiveness that led him through many forms of birth, and he now argues—by rhetorical question—that for one who has become detached, re-adopting ‘mine-ness’ serves no meaningful purpose in any life.