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Shloka 49

अव्यक्त-गुण-पुरुषविवेकः | Avyakta, Guṇas, and Discrimination of Puruṣa

श्रोत्रादीनि तु सर्वाणि पञ्चकर्मेन्द्रियाण्यथ । वागादीनि प्रवर्तन्ते गुणेष्विह गुणी: सह

śrotrādīni tu sarvāṇi pañcakarmendriyāṇy atha | vāgādīni pravartante guṇeṣv iha guṇī saha ||

Vasiṣṭha nói: “Trong thế gian này, mọi năng lực giác quan bắt đầu từ nghe, và cũng vậy năm cơ quan hành động bắt đầu từ lời nói, chỉ vận hành trong mối liên hệ với những phẩm tính (guṇa) tương ứng của chúng. Hữu tình mang thân, cùng với các guṇa ấy, hoạt động qua những thân thể được cấu thành bởi guṇa.”

श्रोत्रादीनिthe ear etc. (sense-organs beginning with the ear)
श्रोत्रादीनि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootश्रोत्रादि
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
सर्वाणिall
सर्वाणि:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
पञ्चfive
पञ्च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपञ्च
कर्मेन्द्रियाणिorgans of action
कर्मेन्द्रियाणि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मेन्द्रिय
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
अथthen/now/and further
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
वागादीनिspeech etc. (organs beginning with speech)
वागादीनि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवागादि
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
प्रवर्तन्तेoperate/act/function
प्रवर्तन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र√वृत्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Atmanepada
गुणेषुin/among the qualities (guṇas)
गुणेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootगुण
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
इहhere/in this world
इह:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
गुणीःthe possessors of qualities (embodied beings)
गुणीः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगुणिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सहtogether with
सह:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह

वसिष्ठ उवाच

V
Vasiṣṭha
Ś
śrotra (ear/hearing)
V
vāk (speech)
P
pañca karmendriyas (five organs of action)
G
guṇas

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that the senses and organs of action do not act independently; they function only in connection with their corresponding guṇas/qualities. Ethical discipline and liberation-oriented insight begin by recognizing this guṇa-driven mechanism and reducing identification with it.

In Śānti Parva’s philosophical instruction, Vasiṣṭha explains the constitution and operation of embodied life: the sensory and active faculties arise and work within the field of guṇas, showing how the individual’s experience and conduct are conditioned by nature’s qualities.