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Shloka 34

अव्यक्त-गुण-पुरुषविवेकः | Avyakta, Guṇas, and Discrimination of Puruṣa

क्रियां कियापथे रक्तस्त्रिगुणां त्रिगुणाधिप: । क्रियां क्रियापथोपेतस्तथा तदिति मन्यते

kriyāṁ kriyāpathe raktaḥ triguṇāṁ triguṇādhipaḥ | kriyāṁ kriyāpathopetas tathā tad iti manyate ||

Vasiṣṭha nói: Khi Tự Ngã, bậc làm chủ ba guṇa, trở nên vướng mắc vào con đường hành động, thì nó nhận lấy hoạt động ba mặt của Prakṛti—dẫu sinh từ các guṇa—mà cho là “của ta”. Do đồng nhất mình với vận hành của tự nhiên, nơi luật là sinh thành và hoại diệt, nó chiếm đoạt mọi hiệu quả do guṇa tạo nên như chính hành vi và sở hữu của mình.

क्रियांaction; activity
क्रियां:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootक्रिया
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
क्रियापथेin the path of action (karma-mārga)
क्रियापथे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootक्रियापथ
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
रक्तःattached; enamored
रक्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootरक्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्रिगुणाम्three-qualitied; consisting of the three guṇas
त्रिगुणाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रिगुण
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
त्रिगुणाधिपःlord of the three guṇas
त्रिगुणाधिपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootत्रिगुणाधिप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
क्रियांaction
क्रियां:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootक्रिया
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
क्रियापथोपेतःendowed with / engaged in the path of action
क्रियापथोपेतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootक्रियापथोपेत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तथाthus; in that manner
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
तत्that (as such); that action/result
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
इतिthus; ‘so’ (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
मन्यतेthinks; considers
मन्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootमन् (मन्यते)
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Ātmanepada

वसिष्ठ उवाच

वसिष्ठ (Vasiṣṭha)
आत्मा (Ātman/Self)
प्रकृति (Prakṛti)
त्रिगुण (the three guṇas: sattva, rajas, tamas)

Educational Q&A

Even though the Self is said to be the ‘lord’ over the guṇas, when it becomes attached to action it mistakenly identifies Prakṛti’s guṇa-born activities as ‘mine’. The verse points to the ethical-spiritual remedy: discernment and non-appropriation (non-doership) to loosen bondage created by identification.

In Śānti Parva’s instruction on liberation-oriented dharma, Vasiṣṭha explains how bondage arises: the witnessing Self, by entering the karma-path with attachment, superimposes ownership on the workings of three-guṇa Prakṛti—whose nature is continual creation and dissolution.