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Shloka 39

Adhyātma–Adhibhūta–Adhidaivata Correspondences and the Triguṇa Lakṣaṇas (Śānti-parva 301)

रागे मोहे च सम्प्राप्ते क्वचित्‌ सत्त्वं समाश्रितम्‌ सहस्रेषु नर: वश्रिन्मोक्षबुद्धि समाश्रित:

rāge mohe ca samprāpte kvacit sattvaṃ samāśritam | sahasreṣu naraḥ kaścin mokṣa-buddhiṃ samāśritaḥ ||

Bhīṣma nói: Khi tham ái và mê muội khởi lên, hiếm hoi lắm mới có người nương tựa nơi sự trong sáng và thiện lành (sattva). Trong hàng ngàn người, chỉ một bậc xuất chúng mới ôm giữ trí hiểu hướng về giải thoát. Thấy các loài trong vòng luân hồi ăn nuốt lẫn nhau, thấy tuổi thơ bị ái chấp che phủ còn tuổi già đem đến sự tan rã ominous của thân xác, người ta nên suy niệm: từ tham ái và mê muội sinh ra vô số lỗi lầm; biết vậy, bậc trí tìm con đường vượt khỏi trói buộc.

रागेin passion/attachment
रागे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootराग
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
मोहेin delusion
मोहे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमोह
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सम्प्राप्तेwhen (they are) attained/when arisen
सम्प्राप्ते:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-प्राप्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
क्वचित्somewhere/sometimes; in some (rare) case
क्वचित्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootक्वचित्
सत्त्वम्goodness; sattva-quality
सत्त्वम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसत्त्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
समाश्रितम्resorted to; taken refuge in
समाश्रितम्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-श्रि
Formक्त (past passive participle), Neuter, Accusative, Singular
सहस्रेषुamong thousands
सहस्रेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसहस्र
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
नरःa man/person
नरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वशिन्self-controlled; master (of himself)
वशिन्:
TypeAdjective
Rootवशिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मोक्षबुद्धिम्the thought/intelligence directed to liberation
मोक्षबुद्धिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमोक्ष-बुद्धि
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
समाश्रितःhaving resorted to; having taken refuge in
समाश्रितः:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-श्रि
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma

Educational Q&A

Passion (rāga) and delusion (moha) generate many faults and keep beings bound in saṃsāra; therefore one should cultivate sattva (clarity) and develop mokṣa-buddhi—an intellect aimed at liberation. Such liberative discernment is rare, found only in exceptional individuals among many.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on dharma and liberation, Bhishma addresses Yudhishthira with reflective counsel: observing the harshness of worldly life and the inevitability of aging and bodily decay, he emphasizes how few people rise above attachment and delusion to pursue liberation.