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Shloka 29

Adhyātma–Adhibhūta–Adhidaivata Correspondences and the Triguṇa Lakṣaṇas (Śānti-parva 301)

सप्तर्षीश्न बहून्‌ ज्ञात्वा राजर्षीश्व॒ परंतप । सुरर्षीन्‌ महतत्चान्यान्‌ ब्रद्मर्षीन्‌ सूर्यससंनिभान्‌

saptarṣīn bahūn jñātvā rājarṣīṃś ca parantapa | surarṣīn mahatāṃ cānyān brahmarṣīn sūryasaṃnibhān ||

Bhīṣma nói: “Hỡi kẻ thiêu đốt quân thù, khi đã biết Bảy Hiền Thánh (Saptarṣi) và nhiều bậc vương hiền (rājarṣi) nữa—cũng như các thiên hiền (devarṣi), những đại thánh giả khác, và các brahmarṣi rực sáng như mặt trời—người ta sẽ có cái nhìn rộng mở về dharma nhờ chứng ngôn của những bậc mẫu mực tối thượng về trí tuệ và hạnh kiểm.”

सप्तर्षीन्the seven sages
सप्तर्षीन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसप्तर्षि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
बहून्many
बहून्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootबहु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
ज्ञात्वाhaving known
ज्ञात्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral), non-finite
राजर्षीन्royal sages
राजर्षीन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootराजर्षि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
परंतपO scorcher of foes (epithet)
परंतप:
TypeNoun
Rootपरंतप
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
सुरर्षीन्divine sages
सुरर्षीन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसुरर्षि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
महतःgreat
महतः:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अन्यान्others
अन्यान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
ब्रह्मर्षीन्brahma-sages (Brahmarishis)
ब्रह्मर्षीन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मर्षि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
सूर्यसन्निभान्sun-like (in splendor)
सूर्यसन्निभान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसूर्य-सन्निभ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
परंतपO scorcher of foes
परंतप:
TypeNoun
Rootपरंतप
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
P
Parantapa (epithet of the listener, commonly Yudhiṣṭhira)
S
Saptarṣi (Seven Seers)
R
Rājarṣi
S
Surarṣi
B
Brahmarṣi
S
Sūrya (Sun)

Educational Q&A

Bhīṣma emphasizes that understanding dharma is strengthened by learning from the highest exemplars—saptarṣis, royal seers, divine seers, and brahmarṣis—whose lives and realizations serve as authoritative models for right conduct and right judgment.

In the Śānti Parva instruction, Bhīṣma addresses the king (called ‘Parantapa’) and points him toward the lineage of great seers and perfected beings, indicating that the king should become acquainted with their teachings and stature as part of his education in governance and dharma.