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Shloka 9

Vidyā–Avidyā and the Twenty-Fifth Principle

Sāṃkhya–Yoga Clarification

ततो मानेन सम्पन्नो रक्षन्नात्मपराजयम्‌ । करोति येन भोगी स्यामिति तस्माद्‌ विनश्यति

tato mānena sampanno rakṣann ātma-parājayam | karoti yena bhogī syām iti tasmād vinaśyati ||

Rồi khi được danh vọng trong đời, con người luôn gắng sức để tự che chở khỏi nhục nhã. Với mục đích: “Ước gì ta trở thành kẻ hưởng thụ đầy đủ,” hắn làm mọi việc; và chính trong sự gắng gượng ấy, một ngày kia hắn bị diệt vong.

ततःthereupon; from that
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
Formindeclinable (ablatival adverb: 'from that/thereupon')
मानेनby/with honor, respect
मानेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमान
Formmasculine/neuter, instrumental singular
सम्पन्नःendowed; possessed (of)
सम्पन्नः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्पन्न
Formmasculine, nominative singular (past participle used adjectivally)
रक्षन्protecting; guarding
रक्षन्:
TypeVerb
Rootरक्ष्
Formpresent active participle, masculine nominative singular
आत्मपराजयम्one's own defeat/disgrace
आत्मपराजयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मपराजय
Formmasculine, accusative singular
करोतिdoes; performs
करोति:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
Formpresent tense, parasmaipada, 3rd person singular
येनby which; whereby
येन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formmasculine/neuter, instrumental singular
भोगीenjoyer; one who enjoys
भोगी:
TypeNoun
Rootभोगिन्
Formmasculine, nominative singular
स्याम्may I be; I would be
स्याम्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
Formoptative (vidhiliṅ), 1st person singular
इतिthus; thinking/quoting
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
Formindeclinable (quotative particle)
तस्मात्from that; therefore
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine/neuter, ablative singular
विनश्यतिperishes; is ruined
विनश्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootनश्
Formpresent tense, 3rd person singular (ātmanepada usage common with vi+naś)

पराशर उवाच

P
Parāśara

Educational Q&A

Honor can intensify ego and fear of disgrace; when actions are driven by the goal of becoming a pleasure-seeker (bhogī), the person becomes trapped in restless striving that culminates in ruin.

Parāśara is instructing about the psychological chain: social respect (māna) leads to defensive self-protection against insult, then to pleasure-centered ambition, and finally to destruction caused by that very obsession.