Shloka 14

अध्याय २९४ — योगलक्षणम् तथा सांख्यपरिसंख्यानम्

Yoga Definition and Sāṃkhya Enumeration

Devanagari script

ता: प्राप्प तु स धिग्दण्डो न कारणमतो5भवत्‌ | ततो<भ्यगच्छन देवांश्र ब्राह्मुणांक्षावमन्य ह

Transliteration

tāḥ prāpya tu sa dhigdaṇḍo na kāraṇam ato 'bhavat | tato 'bhyagacchan devāṁś ca brāhmaṇāṁś cāvamanyatha ||

Translation

Nhưng khi hình phạt của sự khiển trách—“án phạt” bị lên án—được áp dụng cho những kẻ đã lạc đường, nó vẫn không trở thành phương thuốc sửa trị hữu hiệu. Từ đó, con người bắt đầu khinh nhờn cả chư thiên lẫn các Bà-la-môn, và theo ý thích thất thường mà buông mình trong các lạc thú giác quan—báo hiệu sự sụp đổ của tiết chế và lòng tôn kính vốn nâng đỡ dharma.

Word by Word

• ताः: them (those)
• ताः: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Plural

• प्राप्य: having reached/obtained
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-आप्
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here)

• तु: but/indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• सः: he/that (one)
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• धिक्: fie! (an imprecation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: धिक्

• दण्डः: punishment/rod
• दण्डः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दण्ड
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• कारणम्: cause/reason
• कारणम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: कारण
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• अतः: therefore/from that
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अतः

• अभवत्: was/became
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू
• Form: Imperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• ततः: then/thereupon
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः

• अभ्यगच्छन्: approached/went towards
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि-गम्
• Form: Imperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada

• देवान्: the gods
• देवान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• ब्राह्मणान्: Brahmins
• ब्राह्मणान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्राह्मण
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• अवमन्य: having disrespected/insulted
• Type: Verb
• Root: अव-मन्
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here)

Speaker

पराशर उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Parāśara
• devāḥ (gods)
• brāhmaṇāḥ (Brahmins)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Mere condemnation or social censure cannot reform those who are deeply corrupted; when reverence for the divine and for Brahminical/ethical authority collapses, people drift into unchecked sense-indulgence, and dharma loses its practical force.

What is happening in the narrative?

Parāśara describes a stage of societal decline: a corrective measure described as ‘dhigdaṇḍa’ (punishment by reproach) fails to restrain wrongdoers, after which people openly begin to insult the gods and Brahmins and pursue pleasures according to their own will.