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Shloka 4

Vasiṣṭha on Saṃsāra, Guṇas, and Misattributed Agency

Mahābhārata 12.292

श्रेष्ठ पुरुषको दिया हुआ दान और श्रेष्ठ पुरुषसे प्राप्त हुआ प्रतिग्रह--इन दोनोंका महत्त्व बराबर है तो भी इन दोनोंमेंसे ब्राह्मणके लिये प्रतिग्रह स्वीकार करनेकी अपेक्षा दान देना अधिक पुण्यमय माना गया है ।।

śreṣṭha-puruṣa-kṛtaṃ dānaṃ śreṣṭha-puruṣāt prāptaḥ pratigrahaś ca—ubhayor api mahattvaṃ samānam; tathāpi brāhmaṇasya pratigraha-grahaṇāt dānaṃ kartum adhikaṃ puṇyam iti manyate. nyāyāgataṃ dhanaṃ caiva nyāyenaiva vivardhitam | saṃrakṣyaṃ yatnam āsthāya dharmārtham iti niścayaḥ ||

Parāśara dạy rằng: của bố thí do bậc cao quý ban ra và của thọ nhận từ bậc cao quý—hai điều ấy đều quan trọng như nhau; nhưng đối với một brāhmaṇa, bố thí vẫn được xem là công đức hơn việc nhận. Của cải có được bằng đường ngay chính và tăng trưởng bằng đường ngay chính phải được gìn giữ cẩn trọng, với quyết tâm rằng nó sẽ được dùng cho dharma—đó là kết luận đã được các dharmaśāstra xác lập.

न्यायागतंobtained by justice/right means
न्यायागतं:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootन्याय-आगत (आ + √गम्)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
धनंwealth
धनं:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधन
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
न्यायेनby justice/right means
न्यायेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootन्याय
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
एवindeed
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
विवर्धितम्increased/augmented
विवर्धितम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवि-वर्धित (वि + √वृध्)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
संरक्ष्यंto be protected/should be safeguarded
संरक्ष्यं:
TypeAdjective
Rootसंरक्ष्य (सम् + √रक्ष्)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
यत्नम्effort
यत्नम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयत्न
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आस्थायhaving undertaken/resorted to
आस्थाय:
TypeVerb
Rootआ + √स्था
FormAbsolutive (Gerund)
धर्मार्थम्for the sake of dharma
धर्मार्थम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म-अर्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
निश्चयःdetermination/settled conclusion
निश्चयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनिश्चय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

पराशर उवाच

P
Parāśara
B
Brāhmaṇa
D
Dharmaśāstra

Educational Q&A

Even if giving and receiving from the virtuous are both weighty, a brāhmaṇa is praised more for giving than for accepting; and wealth should be earned and grown by just means, then carefully preserved and directed toward dharma.

In Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma, Parāśara speaks as a teacher, laying down ethical guidance about gifts, the propriety of accepting them, and the righteous acquisition and use of wealth.