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Shloka 21

Vasiṣṭha on Saṃsāra, Guṇas, and Misattributed Agency

Mahābhārata 12.292

स चाप्यग्न्याहितो विप्र: क्रिया यस्य न हीयते । श्रेयो हानाहिताग्नित्वमग्निहोत्रं न निष्क्रियम्‌

sa cāpy agnyāhito vipraḥ kriyā yasya na hīyate | śreyo hānāhitāgnitvam agnihotraṃ na niṣkriyam ||

Và vị brāhmaṇa nào đã an lập thánh hỏa, các nghi lễ được quy định của người ấy không hề suy giảm—thì quả thật, thà không duy trì hỏa nghi còn hơn cử hành Agnihotra một cách trống rỗng, thiếu hiệu lực nghi lễ và thiếu kỷ luật trong hành trì.

सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
अग्न्याहितःone who has established/maintained the sacred fires
अग्न्याहितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअग्न्याहित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विप्रःbrahmin
विप्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविप्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
क्रियाritual act/observance
क्रिया:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्रिया
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
यस्यwhose
यस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
हीयतेis diminished/declines
हीयते:
TypeVerb
Rootहा (हाय्)
FormPresent, Atmanepada, Third, Singular, Passive/Impersonal (bhāva-prayoga)
श्रेयःbetter/good (the preferable course)
श्रेयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootश्रेयस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
हानाहिताग्नित्वम्the state of not having (established) the sacred fires
हानाहिताग्नित्वम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअनाहिताग्नित्व
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अग्निहोत्रम्Agnihotra (fire-offering rite)
अग्निहोत्रम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअग्निहोत्र
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
निष्क्रियम्inactive/without proper performance
निष्क्रियम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनिष्क्रिय
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

पराशर उवाच

P
Parāśara
V
vipra (brāhmaṇa)
Ā
āhitāgni (sacred fires)
A
Agnihotra

Educational Q&A

Ritual status and outward observance are not sufficient; if the Agnihotra and related duties are performed without proper discipline, intent, and efficacy, it is ethically better not to claim or maintain the ritual-fire status at all. Dharma prioritizes genuine, effective practice over hollow form.

Parāśara is instructing about the standards of righteous conduct for a brāhmaṇa, using the example of the āhitāgni and the Agnihotra to emphasize that rites must be sustained correctly; otherwise, the mere external badge of ritualism becomes spiritually counterproductive.