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Shloka 46

Aśmagīta: Janaka’s Inquiry on Loss, Kāla, and the Limits of Control (अश्मगीता)

केवल आयुर्वेदका अध्ययन करनेवाले बहुत-से वैद्य भी परिवारसहित रोगोंके शिकार हुए देखे जाते हैं ।। ते पिबन्त: कषायांश्र सर्पीषि विविधानि च । न मृत्युमतिवर्तन्ते वेलामिव महोदधि:

te pibantaḥ kaṣāyān sarpīṃṣi vividhāni ca | na mṛtyum ativartante velām iva mahodadhiḥ ||

Janaka nói: “Ngay cả nhiều thầy thuốc chỉ học Ayurveda cũng bị thấy là sa vào bệnh tật, cùng với cả gia quyến. Dẫu họ uống các thang thuốc sắc và dùng nhiều loại chế phẩm bơ sữa (ghee), họ vẫn không vượt qua được Tử Thần—như đại dương không thể vượt khỏi chính bờ của mình.”

तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पिबन्तःdrinking
पिबन्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootपा (पिबति)
Formशतृ (वर्तमान कृदन्त), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
कषायान्decoctions
कषायान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकषाय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सर्पीषिghees/clarified butters
सर्पीषि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसर्पिस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
विविधानिvarious
विविधानि:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootविविध
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
मृत्युम्death
मृत्युम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमृत्यु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अतिवर्तन्तेthey pass beyond/overcome
अतिवर्तन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootअति + वृत् (वर्तते)
Formलट् (Present), आत्मनेपद, Third, Plural
वेलाम्shore/limit
वेलाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवेला
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
इवlike/as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
महोदधिःthe great ocean
महोदधिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहोदधि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

जनक उवाच

J
Janaka
A
Ayurveda
P
physicians (vaidya)
D
decoctions (kaṣāya)
G
ghee preparations (sarpis)
D
Death (mṛtyu)
T
the great ocean (mahodadhi)
S
shoreline (velā)

Educational Q&A

Worldly expertise and remedies, though valuable, cannot ultimately conquer mortality; therefore one should not rely on technical knowledge alone for ultimate security, but turn toward higher wisdom and inner discipline.

King Janaka illustrates a philosophical point with a concrete example: even learned physicians using medicines (decoctions and ghee-preparations) still succumb to disease and death, just as the ocean remains bounded by its shore.