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Shloka 25

Aśmagīta: Janaka’s Inquiry on Loss, Kāla, and the Limits of Control (अश्मगीता)

व्याधिरग्निर्जलं शस्त्र बुभुक्षाश्नापदो विषम्‌ ज्वरश्ष मरणं जन्तोरुच्चाच्च पतनं तथा

vyādhir agnir jalaṁ śastraṁ bubhukṣā śvāpado viṣam | jvaraś ca maraṇaṁ jantor uccāc ca patanaṁ tathā ||

Janaka nói: “Đối với một sinh linh, hiểm họa đến từ muôn phía—bệnh tật, lửa, nước, vũ khí, đói khát, thú dữ, chất độc, cơn sốt và chính cái chết; lại còn nguy cơ rơi từ nơi cao. Thấy đời sống luôn phơi bày trước những đe dọa như thế, chớ say men an ổn hay trì hoãn điều phải làm; hãy sống với tỉnh giác, tự chế và sẵn sàng phụng hành dharma.”

व्याधिःdisease
व्याधिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootव्याधि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अग्निःfire
अग्निः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
जलम्water
जलम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजल
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
शस्त्रम्weapon
शस्त्रम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशस्त्र
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
बुभुक्षाhunger
बुभुक्षा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबुभुक्षा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
अश्नापदःa carnivorous animal; predator
अश्नापदः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअश्नापद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विषम्poison
विषम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविष
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
ज्वरःfever
ज्वरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootज्वर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
मरणम्death
मरणम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमरण
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
जन्तोःof a creature / of a living being
जन्तोः:
TypeNoun
Rootजन्तु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
उच्चात्from a height
उच्चात्:
Apadana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउच्च
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पतनम्falling; a fall
पतनम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपतन
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तथाlikewise; also
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा

जनक उवाच

J
Janaka
F
fire
W
water
W
weapons
W
wild beasts
P
poison
D
death
H
height (uccāt)

Educational Q&A

Life is inherently precarious, threatened by many causes; therefore one should not cling to false security, but cultivate restraint and timely commitment to dharma, remembering impermanence.

King Janaka is speaking in the Shanti Parva, listing the many hazards that can befall a living being to underscore the fragility of embodied life and to support a reflective, ethically alert stance.